Neural Stem Cell Regulation, Fibroblast Growth Factors, and the Developmental Origins of Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Hanna E Stevens; Karen M Smith; Brian G Rash; Flora M Vaccarino

doi:10.3389/fnins.2010.00059

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Neural Stem Cell Regulation, Fibroblast Growth Factors, and the Developmental Origins of Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Journal article

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Neural Stem Cell Regulation, Fibroblast Growth Factors, and the Developmental Origins of Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Hanna E Stevens, Karen M Smith, Brian G Rash and Flora M Vaccarino

Frontiers in neuroscience, Vol.4, 59

2010

DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2010.00059

PMID: 20877431

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Abstract

There is increasing appreciation for the neurodevelopmental underpinnings of many psychiatric disorders. Disorders that begin in childhood such as autism, language disorders or mental retardation as well as adult-onset mental disorders may have origins early in neurodevelopment. Neural stem cells (NSCs) can be defined as self-renewing, multipotent cells that are present in both the embryonic and adult brain. Several recent research findings demonstrate that psychiatric illness may begin with abnormal specification, growth, expansion and differentiation of embryonic NSCs. For example, candidate susceptibility genes for schizophrenia, autism and major depression include the signaling molecule Disrupted In Schizophrenia-1 (DISC-1), the homeodomain gene engrailed-2 (EN-2), and several receptor tyrosine kinases, including brain-derived growth factor and fibroblast growth factors, all of which have been shown to play important roles in NSCs or neuronal precursors. We will discuss here stem cell biology, signaling factors that affect these cells, and the potential contribution of these processes to the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. Hypotheses about how some of these factors relate to psychiatric disorders will be reviewed.

Cerebral Cortex

Neuroscience

Schizophrenia

Autism

bipolar disorder

fibroblast growth factor

Neural stem cell

depression

Details

Title: Subtitle: Neural Stem Cell Regulation, Fibroblast Growth Factors, and the Developmental Origins of Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Creators: Hanna E Stevens - Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
Karen M Smith - Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
Brian G Rash - Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
Flora M Vaccarino - Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Frontiers in neuroscience, Vol.4, 59
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2010.00059
PMID: 20877431
NLM abbreviation: Front Neurosci
ISSN: 1662-4548
eISSN: 1662-453X
Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation
Language: English
Date published: 2010
Academic Unit: Psychiatry; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
Record Identifier: 9984003435502771

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