Neuronal Migration Generates New Populations of Neurons That Develop Unique Connections, Physiological Properties and Pathologies

Bernd Fritzsch; Karen L Elliott; Gabriela Pavlinkova; Jeremy S Duncan; Marlan R Hansen; Jennifer M Kersigo

doi:10.3389/fcell.2019.00059

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Neuronal Migration Generates New Populations of Neurons That Develop Unique Connections, Physiological Properties and Pathologies

Journal article

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Neuronal Migration Generates New Populations of Neurons That Develop Unique Connections, Physiological Properties and Pathologies

Bernd Fritzsch, Karen L Elliott, Gabriela Pavlinkova, Jeremy S Duncan, Marlan R Hansen and Jennifer M Kersigo

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, Vol.7, pp.59-59

04/24/2019

DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00059

PMCID: PMC6491807

PMID: 31069224

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Abstract

Central nervous system neurons become postmitotic when radial glia cells divide to form neuroblasts. Neuroblasts may migrate away from the ventricle radially along glia fibers, in various directions or even across the midline. We present four cases of unusual migration that are variably connected to either pathology or formation of new populations of neurons with new connectivities. One of the best-known cases of radial migration involves granule cells that migrate from the external granule cell layer along radial Bergman glia fibers to become mature internal granule cells. In various medulloblastoma cases this migration does not occur and transforms the external granule cell layer into a rapidly growing tumor. Among the ocular motor neurons is one unique population that undergoes a contralateral migration and uniquely innervates the superior rectus and levator palpebrae muscles. In humans, a mutation of a single gene ubiquitously expressed in all cells, induces innervation defects only in this unique motor neuron population, leading to inability to elevate eyes or upper eyelids. One of the best-known cases for longitudinal migration is the facial branchial motor (FBM) neurons and the overlapping inner ear efferent population. We describe here molecular cues that are needed for the caudal migration of FBM to segregate these motor neurons from the differently migrating inner ear efferent population. Finally, we describe unusual migration of inner ear spiral ganglion neurons that result in aberrant connections with disruption of frequency presentation. Combined, these data identify unique migratory properties of various neuronal populations that allow them to adopt new connections but also sets them up for unique pathologies.

neuronal pathfinding

differential function

neuronal functionality

Cell and Developmental Biology

neuronal pathology

neuronal migration

Details

Title: Subtitle: Neuronal Migration Generates New Populations of Neurons That Develop Unique Connections, Physiological Properties and Pathologies
Creators: Bernd Fritzsch - Department of Biology, University of Iowa
Karen L Elliott - Department of Biology, University of Iowa
Gabriela Pavlinkova - Institute of Biotechnology ASCR
Jeremy S Duncan - Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University
Marlan R Hansen - Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa
Jennifer M Kersigo - Department of Biology, University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, Vol.7, pp.59-59
DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00059
PMID: 31069224
PMCID: PMC6491807
NLM abbreviation: Front Cell Dev Biol
ISSN: 2296-634X
eISSN: 2296-634X
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A
Grant note: Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
Language: English
Date published: 04/24/2019
Academic Unit: Molecular Physiology and Biophysics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Biology; Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center; Neurosurgery; Otolaryngology
Record Identifier: 9984070594702771

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