Journal article
Neuropathophysiological Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies for Post-traumatic Epilepsy
Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, Vol.14, pp.612073-612073
2021
DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.612073
PMID: 33708071
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death in young adults and a risk factor for acquired epilepsy. Severe TBI, after a period of time, causes numerous neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative problems with varying comorbidities; and brain homeostasis may never be restored. As a consequence of disrupted equilibrium, neuropathological changes such as circuit remodeling, reorganization of neural networks, changes in structural and functional plasticity, predisposition to synchronized activity, and post-translational modification of synaptic proteins may begin to dominate the brain. These pathological changes, over the course of time, contribute to conditions like Alzheimer disease, dementia, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE). PTE is one of the most common, devastating complications of TBI; and of those affected by a severe TBI, more than 50% develop PTE. The etiopathology and mechanisms of PTE are either unknown or poorly understood, which makes treatment challenging. Although anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) are used as preventive strategies to manage TBI, control acute seizures and prevent development of PTE, their efficacy in PTE remains controversial. In this review, we discuss novel mechanisms and risk factors underlying PTE. We also discuss dysfunctions of neurovascular unit, cell-specific neuroinflammatory mediators and immune response factors that are vital for epileptogenesis after TBI. Finally, we describe current and novel treatments and management strategies for preventing PTE.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Neuropathophysiological Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies for Post-traumatic Epilepsy
- Creators
- Shaunik Sharma - ,Grant Tiarks - ,Joseph Haight - ,Alexander G Bassuk - ,
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, Vol.14, pp.612073-612073
- DOI
- 10.3389/fnmol.2021.612073
- PMID
- 33708071
- NLM abbreviation
- Front Mol Neurosci
- ISSN
- 1662-5099
- eISSN
- 1662-5099
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media S.A
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2021
- Academic Unit
- Neurology; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Neurology (Pediatrics)
- Record Identifier
- 9984070735802771
Metrics
24 Record Views