New World Arenavirus Clade C, but Not Clade A and B Viruses, Utilizes α-Dystroglycan as Its Major Receptor

Christina F Spiropoulou; Stefan Kunz; Pierre E Rollin; Kevin P Campbell; Michael B. A Oldstone

doi:10.1128/JVI.76.10.5140-5146.2002

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New World Arenavirus Clade C, but Not Clade A and B Viruses, Utilizes α-Dystroglycan as Its Major Receptor

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New World Arenavirus Clade C, but Not Clade A and B Viruses, Utilizes α-Dystroglycan as Its Major Receptor

Christina F Spiropoulou, Stefan Kunz, Pierre E Rollin, Kevin P Campbell and Michael B. A Oldstone

Journal of virology, Vol.76(10), pp.5140-5146

05/2002

DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.10.5140-5146.2002

PMCID: PMC136162

PMID: 11967329

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Abstract

α-Dystroglycan (α-DG) has been identified as a major receptor for lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and Lassa virus, two Old World arenaviruses. The situation with New World arenaviruses is less clear: previous studies demonstrated that Oliveros virus also exhibited high-affinity binding to α-DG but that Guanarito virus did not. To extend these initial studies, several additional Old and New World arenaviruses were screened for entry into mouse embryonic stem cells possessing or lacking α-DG. In addition, representative viruses were further analyzed for direct binding to α-DG by means of a virus overlay protein blot assay technique. These studies indicate that Old World arenaviruses use α-DG as a major receptor, whereas, of the New World arenaviruses, only clade C viruses (i.e., Oliveros and Latino viruses) use α-DG as a major receptor. New World clade A and B arenaviruses, which include the highly pathogenic Machupo, Guanarito, Junin, and Sabia viruses, appear to use a different receptor or coreceptor for binding. Previous studies with LCMV have suggested the need for a small aliphatic amino acid at LCMV GP1 glycoprotein amino acid position 260 to allow high-affinity binding to α-DG. As reported herein, this requirement appears to be broadly applicable to the arenaviruses as determined by more extensive analysis of α-DG receptor usage and GP1 sequences of Old and New World arenaviruses. In addition, GP1 amino acid position 259 also appears to be important, since all arenaviruses showing high-affinity α-DG binding possess a bulky aromatic amino acid (tyrosine or phenylalanine) at this position.

Virus-Cell Interactions

Details

Title: Subtitle: New World Arenavirus Clade C, but Not Clade A and B Viruses, Utilizes α-Dystroglycan as Its Major Receptor
Creators: Christina F Spiropoulou - Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
Stefan Kunz - Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
Pierre E Rollin - Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
Kevin P Campbell - Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
Michael B. A Oldstone - Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of virology, Vol.76(10), pp.5140-5146
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.76.10.5140-5146.2002
PMID: 11967329
PMCID: PMC136162
NLM abbreviation: J Virol
ISSN: 0022-538X
eISSN: 1098-5514
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Language: English
Date published: 05/2002
Academic Unit: Neurology; Molecular Physiology and Biophysics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute
Record Identifier: 9984068269402771

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