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Occurrence Rates of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) Waves With Rising Tones in the Van Allen Probes Data Set
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Occurrence Rates of Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron (EMIC) Waves With Rising Tones in the Van Allen Probes Data Set

K. Sigsbee, C. A. Kletzing, J. Faden and C. W. Smith
Journal of geophysical research. Space physics, Vol.128(2), pp.e2022JA030548-n/a
02/2023
DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030548
PMCID: PMC10078204
PMID: 37035844
url
https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030548View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

In Fourier time-frequency power spectrograms of satellite magnetic field data, electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves may feature discrete, rising tone structures that rapidly increase in frequency. Using data from the Van Allen Probes Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) fluxgate magnetometer, we conducted a statistical study of EMIC waves from September 2012 through June 2016. We compared the occurrence rates and spatial distributions for all EMIC waves with those for rising tone EMIC waves as a function of magnetic local time (MLT) and L shell, as well as a function of R-XY and Z in solar-magnetic (SM) coordinates. Overall, EMIC waves occurred during 2.4% of the time period considered, but rising tone EMIC waves were only found during 0.2% of the time period considered. About 7%-8% of the minutes of orbital coverage with H+ or He+ band EMIC waves had rising tones. The regions of peak occurrence rates for H+ and He+ band waves, as well as waves with rising tones, were found in the noon and dusk sectors for 4 L R-XY and Z SM suggest an association with magnetospheric compressions near noon and interactions between plumes and the ring current near dusk. Peak occurrence rates for O+ band waves were found between 2 L < 4 at all MLT, and over a wide range of L shells near dusk. No rising tones were found in the O+ band.
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