Journal article
Ocular and Orbital Trauma Correlated with an Increased Risk of Mortality in Female Patients with a History of Intimate Partner Violence
American journal of ophthalmology, Vol.281, pp.223-232
01/2026
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.09.013
PMID: 40945888
Abstract
Objective
To characterize the risk factors for mortality and rates of mortality in female patients with a history of ocular or orbital trauma and intimate partner violence (IPV).
Design
This is a retrospective cohort study that included all data from 2005 to 2024.
Participants
Included females aged 18-55 years old with variable history of IPV and orbital trauma.
Methods
Patients were identified using the TriNetX Network and were grouped by presence of IPV and orbital trauma. Rates of mortality, hospitalization, and emergency department (ED) visits following trauma were analyzed. Propensity score matching (PSM) was done to control for differences in baseline demographics and medical comorbidities. Cox regression analysis was completed to determine the association between mortality and known risk factors for IPV.
Main Outcome Measures
Hazard ratio (HR) for mortality and rate of 5-year mortality following ocular or orbital trauma.
Results
After matching and assessing for the presence of ocular or orbital trauma, 2,812 patients were included in both the IPV-related ocular or orbital trauma and IPV with no ocular or orbital trauma groups. The analysis found that a history of ocular or orbital trauma increased the risk of mortality in patients with a history of IPV (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3-2.4, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
A history of ocular or orbital trauma is a significant risk factor for mortality among female patients with a history of IPV. High risk patients should be identified at the time of presentation and protective measures initiated.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Ocular and Orbital Trauma Correlated with an Increased Risk of Mortality in Female Patients with a History of Intimate Partner Violence
- Creators
- Linus Amarikwa - University of Nebraska Medical CenterLynette M Renner - University of MinnesotaNatalie A Homer - Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research InstituteKaren M Wai - Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research InstituteChase A Ludwig - Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research InstituteEuna Koo - Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research InstituteEhsan Rahimy - Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research InstitutePrithvi Mruthyunjaya - Stanford UniversityErin M Shriver - University of IowaAndrea L Kossler - Stanford University
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- American journal of ophthalmology, Vol.281, pp.223-232
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.ajo.2025.09.013
- PMID
- 40945888
- NLM abbreviation
- Am J Ophthalmol
- ISSN
- 0002-9394
- eISSN
- 1879-1891
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Grant note
- National Eye Institute K23 Grant: K23EY035741 E. Matlida Ziegler Foundation for the BlindNational Institute of Health: NIH P30 026877 Research to Prevent Blindness
This work was supported by the National Eye Institute K23 Grant, K23EY035741 , and E. Matlida Ziegler Foundation for the Blind for Chase A. Ludwig, MD, MS, as well as the National Institute of Health under Grant NIH P30 026877 and Research to Prevent Blindness under an unrestricted grant.
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 09/11/2025
- Date published
- 01/2026
- Academic Unit
- Otolaryngology; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
- Record Identifier
- 9984963523902771
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