POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER INCREASES RISK FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT IN ADULTS WITH RECURRENT MAJOR DEPRESSION

Daniel Stevens; Holly C Wilcox; Dean F MacKinnon; Francis M Mondimore; Barbara Schweizer; Dunya Jancic; William H Coryell; Myrna M Weissman; Douglas F Levinson; James B Potash

doi:10.1002/da.22160

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POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER INCREASES RISK FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT IN ADULTS WITH RECURRENT MAJOR DEPRESSION

Journal article

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POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER INCREASES RISK FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT IN ADULTS WITH RECURRENT MAJOR DEPRESSION

Daniel Stevens, Holly C Wilcox, Dean F MacKinnon, Francis M Mondimore, Barbara Schweizer, Dunya Jancic, William H Coryell, Myrna M Weissman, Douglas F Levinson and James B Potash

Depression and anxiety, Vol.30(10), pp.940-946

10/2013

DOI: 10.1002/da.22160

PMCID: PMC4026925

PMID: 23893768

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Abstract

Background Genetics of Recurrent Early‐Onset Depression study (GenRED II) data were used to examine the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and attempted suicide in a population of 1,433 individuals with recurrent early‐onset major depressive disorder (MDD). We tested the hypothesis that PTSD resulting from assaultive trauma increases risk for attempted suicide among individuals with recurrent MDD. Methods Data on lifetime trauma exposures and clinical symptoms were collected using the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies version 3.0 and best estimate diagnoses of MDD, PTSD, and other DSM‐IV Axis I disorders were reported with best estimated age of onset. Results The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempt in this sample was 28%. Lifetime PTSD was diagnosed in 205 (14.3%) participants. We used discrete time‐survival analyses to take into account timing in the PTSD‐suicide attempt relationship while adjusting for demographic variables (gender, race, age, and education level) and comorbid diagnoses prior to trauma exposure. PTSD was an independent predictor of subsequent suicide attempt (HR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6, 3.8; P < .0001). Neither assaultive nor nonassaultive trauma without PTSD significantly predicted subsequent suicide attempt after Bonferroni correction. The association between PTSD and subsequent suicide attempt was driven by traumatic events involving assaultive violence (HR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3, 2.2; P< .0001). Conclusions Among those with recurrent MDD, PTSD appears to be a vulnerability marker of maladaptive responses to traumatic events and an independent risk factor for attempted suicide. Additional studies examining differences between those with and without PTSD on biological measures might shed light on this potential vulnerability.

Trauma

anxiety/anxiety disorders

suicide/self harm

depression

PTSD/posttraumatic stress disorder

Details

Title: Subtitle: POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER INCREASES RISK FOR SUICIDE ATTEMPT IN ADULTS WITH RECURRENT MAJOR DEPRESSION
Creators: Daniel Stevens - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Holly C Wilcox - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Dean F MacKinnon - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Francis M Mondimore - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Barbara Schweizer - Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Dunya Jancic - University of Iowa
William H Coryell - University of Iowa
Myrna M Weissman - New York State Psychiatric Institute
Douglas F Levinson - Stanford University School of Medicine
James B Potash - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Depression and anxiety, Vol.30(10), pp.940-946
DOI: 10.1002/da.22160
PMID: 23893768
PMCID: PMC4026925
NLM abbreviation: Depress Anxiety
ISSN: 1091-4269
eISSN: 1520-6394
Number of pages: 7
Grant note: NIMH (R01MH059542; R01MH059552; R01MH061686; K24MH64197; R01MH060912)
Language: English
Date published: 10/2013
Academic Unit: Psychiatry
Record Identifier: 9984004097802771

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