Peroxide-Free Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle-Based Photocatalytic Bleaching: In Vitro Study on Bovine Teeth

Tainah Oliveira Rifane; Isabel Silva Nascimento; Suely Cristina Aragão Veras Santos; Lucca Reis Mesquita; Diego Martins de Paula; Victor P Feitosa

doi:10.1155/bmri/9311501

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Peroxide-Free Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle-Based Photocatalytic Bleaching: In Vitro Study on Bovine Teeth

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Peroxide-Free Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle-Based Photocatalytic Bleaching: In Vitro Study on Bovine Teeth

Tainah Oliveira Rifane, Isabel Silva Nascimento, Suely Cristina Aragão Veras Santos, Lucca Reis Mesquita, Diego Martins de Paula and Victor P Feitosa

BioMed research international, Vol.2025(1), 9311501

2025

DOI: 10.1155/bmri/9311501

PMCID: PMC11964721

PMID: 40177292

Appears in UI Libraries Support Open Access

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Abstract

Objective: This study is aimed at assessing the bleaching efficacy of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle suspensions at different concentrations and exposure times for photocatalysis and evaluating their potential as a peroxide-free alternative to carbamide peroxide in dental bleaching. Materials and Methods: Sixty bovine incisors were stained with black tea and treated with different bleaching protocols: (1) control (16% carbamide peroxide), (2) TiO2-50 wt% for 10 min (TiO2 50/10), (3) TiO2-50 wt% for 50 min (TiO2 50/50), (4) TiO2-10 wt% for 50 min (TiO2 10/50), and (5) TiO2-10 wt% for 10 min (TiO2 10/10). The agents were exposed to UV light (395 nm) for photocatalysis before application. All treatments were applied daily for 2 h over 21 days. Color change (ΔE00) was measured using a digital spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V), and pH was assessed using pH strips. Results: The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. TiO2 50/50 showed significantly superior bleaching effects compared to all other groups (p < 0.001). TiO2 10/50 and TiO2 10/10 demonstrated intermediate bleaching results, with no significant difference between them (p = 0.0875). The control and TiO2 50/10 groups exhibited the lowest color variation (p = 0.102). All groups maintained a pH of 6 before and after 2 h of the at-home bleaching protocol. Conclusion: TiO2 nanoparticle suspensions may be a viable peroxide-free alternative for dental bleaching, particularly at higher concentrations and longer photocatalysis exposure times.

Animals

Carbamide Peroxide

Catalysis

Cattle

Nanoparticles - chemistry

Peroxides - chemistry

Titanium - chemistry

Titanium - pharmacology

Tooth - drug effects

Tooth Bleaching - methods

Tooth Bleaching Agents - chemistry

Tooth Bleaching Agents - pharmacology

Ultraviolet Rays

UIOWA OA Agreement

Details

Title: Subtitle: Peroxide-Free Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle-Based Photocatalytic Bleaching: In Vitro Study on Bovine Teeth
Creators: Tainah Oliveira Rifane - Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry
Isabel Silva Nascimento - Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry
Suely Cristina Aragão Veras Santos - Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry
Lucca Reis Mesquita - Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry
Diego Martins de Paula - Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry
Victor P Feitosa - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: BioMed research international, Vol.2025(1), 9311501
DOI: 10.1155/bmri/9311501
PMID: 40177292
PMCID: PMC11964721
NLM abbreviation: Biomed Res Int
ISSN: 2314-6133
eISSN: 2314-6141
Publisher: Wiley
Grant note: Faculdade Paulo Picanco
The successful completion of this research project would not have been possible without the invaluable support and resources provided by Faculdade Paulo Picanco.
Language: English
Date published: 2025
Academic Unit: Operative Dentistry
Record Identifier: 9984805003802771

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