Journal article
Pharmacokinetics of Subcutaneous IgPro20 in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency
Clinical pharmacokinetics, Vol.50(6), pp.405-414
2011
DOI: 10.2165/11587030-000000000-00000
PMID: 21553933
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Immunoglobulin replacement is a standard therapy for patients with primary immunodeficiencies. Subcutaneous administration of immunoglobulin offers more constant IgG levels than intravenous administration and simplifies administration for some patients. Use of L-proline as an excipient contributes to the stability of highly concentrated IgG preparations. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of IgPro20 (Hizentra®), a new 20% subcutaneous IgG solution, and compare the area under the serum concentration-time curve (AUC) with that of a similar intravenous 10% IgG solution (IgPro10; Privigen®). At the request of the US FDA, an algorithm for determining IgG trough level ratios (TLRs) was developed in order to provide physicians with a practical tool for monitoring doses during steady-state IgPro20 therapy.
Methods: This was a prospective, open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase III clinical trial conducted in the US. The study was performed in a primary-care setting. Eligible patients were males or females aged 6–75 years with a primary immunodeficiency (common variable immunodeficiency or X-linked agamma-globulinaemia) who had received regular treatment with IgPro10 for at least 3 months prior to entering this study and had achieved serum trough concentration (Ctrough) values ≥5 g/L.
IgPro20 was administered subcutaneously once weekly at initial doses equivalent to 130% of patients’ previous doses, based on the results obtained in a Vivaglobin® study and due to an FDA request. After run-in, each patient’s dose was adjusted to achieve an AUC comparable to that achieved with IgPro10 administered intravenously.
Results: Eighteen patients completed the study. Mean IgPro20 : IgPro10 dose ratio (dose adjustment coefficient) was 1.53 (range 1.26–1.87). The resulting mean AUCs were 105.6g · day/L for IgPro20 versus 103.2g · day/L for IgPro10 (geometric mean ratio 1.002; lower one-sided 95% confidence limit [CL] 0.951). Thus, the primary endpoint of the study was met, as this result exceeded the pre-specified criterion of the lower one-sided 95% CL of ≥0.8 for non-inferiority. At these AUCs, which were considered equivalent, the mean IgPro20 : IgPro10 TLR, determined by the developed algorithm, was 1.29 (range 1.18–1.73). Titres of specific antibodies tested were well above respective product specifications, suggesting that protection against infection would be effective.
Conclusion: Steady-state AUCs with subcutaneous IgPro20 and intravenous IgPro10 were equivalent. Mean dose adjustment coefficient and mean TLR can be used for initial dose conversion without risk of under-protection but vary too widely to be considered measures of equivalence.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Pharmacokinetics of Subcutaneous IgPro20 in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency
- Creators
- Richard L WASSERMAN - Medical City Children's Hospital, Dallas, Texas, United StatesIsaac MELAMED - IMMUNOe International Research Centers, Centennial, Colorado, United StatesRobert P NELSON - Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United StatesAlan P KNUTSEN - Pediatric Research Institute, St Louis University Health Sciences Center, St Louis, Missouri, United StatesMary Beth FASANO - University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, United StatesMark R STEIN - Allergy Associates of the Palm Beaches, North Palm Beach, Florida, United StatesMikhail A ROJAVIN - CSL Behring LLC, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United StatesJoseph A CHURCH - Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Clinical pharmacokinetics, Vol.50(6), pp.405-414
- Publisher
- Adis International
- DOI
- 10.2165/11587030-000000000-00000
- PMID
- 21553933
- ISSN
- 0312-5963
- eISSN
- 1179-1926
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2011
- Academic Unit
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology; Immunology; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984093346402771
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