Journal article
Phase II Prospective Randomized Trial of a Low-Fat Diet with Fish Oil Supplementation in Men Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy
Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), Vol.4(12), pp.2062-2071
12/01/2011
DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0298
PMID: 22027686
Abstract
Preclinical studies suggest lowering dietary fat and decreasing the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases the risk of prostate cancer development and progression. We conducted a phase II randomized trial to test the effect of decreasing dietary fat combined with decreasing the dietary omega-6: omega-3 ratio on biomarkers related to prostate cancer development and progression. Patients undergoing radical prostatectomy were randomly assigned to receive a low-fat diet with 5 grams of fish oil daily (dietary omega-6: omega-3 ratio of 2: 1) or a control Western diet (omega-6: omega-3 ratio of 15: 1) for four to six weeks prior to surgery. The primary endpoint was change in serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) between arms. Secondary endpoints were serum IGFBP-1, prostate prostaglandin E2 levels, omega-6: omega-3 fatty acid ratios, COX-2, and markers of proliferation and apoptosis. Fifty-five patients were randomized and 48 completed the trial. There was no treatment difference in the primary outcome. Positive secondary outcomes in the low-fat fish oil versus Western group were reduced benign and malignant prostate tissue omega-6: omega-3 ratios, reduced proliferation (Ki-67 index), and reduced proliferation in an ex vivo bioassay when patient sera was applied to prostate cancer cells in vitro. In summary, four to six weeks of a low-fat diet and fish oil capsules to achieve an omega-6: omega-3 fatty acid ratio of 2: 1 had no effect on serum IGF-1 levels, though in secondary analyses, the intervention resulted in decreased prostate cancer proliferation and decreased prostate tissue omega-6: omega-3 ratios. These results support further studies evaluating reduction of dietary fat with fish oil supplementation on modulating prostate cancer biology. Cancer Prev Res; 4(12); 2062-71. (C) 2011 AACR.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Phase II Prospective Randomized Trial of a Low-Fat Diet with Fish Oil Supplementation in Men Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy
- Creators
- William J. Aronson - University of California, Los AngelesNaoko Kobayashi - University of California, Los AngelesR. James Barnard - University of California, Los AngelesSusanne Henning - University of California, Los AngelesMin Huang - University of California, Los AngelesPatricia M. Jardack - Center for Human GeneticsBingrong LiuAshley Gray - Duke Medical CenterJunxiang Wan - Duke University HospitalRamdev Konijeti - University of California, Los AngelesStephen J. Freedland - Duke Medical CenterBrandon Castor - University of California, Los AngelesDavid Heber - Duke University HospitalDavid Elashoff - University of California, Los AngelesJonathan Said - University of California, Los AngelesPinchas Cohen - University of California, Los AngelesColette Galet - University of California, Los Angeles
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), Vol.4(12), pp.2062-2071
- DOI
- 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0298
- PMID
- 22027686
- NLM abbreviation
- Cancer Prev Res (Phila)
- ISSN
- 1940-6207
- eISSN
- 1940-6215
- Publisher
- Amer Assoc Cancer Research
- Number of pages
- 10
- Grant note
- P50CA092131 / National Cancer Institute; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI) P50CA92131; M01-RR000865; 2P30DK063491 / National Cancer Institute (NCI); United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Cancer Institute (NCI) UCLA General Clinical Research Center Ruby Family Foundation
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 12/01/2011
- Academic Unit
- Injury Prevention Research Center; University of Iowa Health Care
- Record Identifier
- 9985138030502771
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