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Phosphinophosphonates and Their Tris-pivaloyloxymethyl Prodrugs Reveal a Negatively Cooperative Butyrophilin Activation Mechanism
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Phosphinophosphonates and Their Tris-pivaloyloxymethyl Prodrugs Reveal a Negatively Cooperative Butyrophilin Activation Mechanism

Rebekah R Shippy, Xiaochen Lin, Sherry S Agabiti, Jin Li, Brendan M Zangari, Benjamin J Foust, Michael M Poe, Chia-Hung Christine Hsiao, Olga Vinogradova, David F Wiemer, …
Journal of medicinal chemistry, Vol.60(6), pp.2373-2382
03/23/2017
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00965
PMCID: PMC5754923
PMID: 28218845
url
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5754923View
Open Access

Abstract

Butyrophilin 3A1 (BTN3A1) binds small phosphorus-containing molecules, which initiates transmembrane signaling and activates butyrophilin-responsive cells. We synthesized several phosphinophosphonates and their corresponding tris-pivaloyloxymethyl (tris-POM) prodrugs and examined their effects on BTN3A1. An analog of (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl diphosphate (HMBPP) bound to BTN3A1 with intermediate affinity, which was enthalpy-driven. Docking studies revealed binding to the basic surface pocket and interactions between the allylic hydroxyl group and the BTN3A1 backbone. The phosphinophosphonate stimulated proliferation of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells with moderate activity (EC = 26 μM). Cellular potency was enhanced >600-fold in the tris-POM prodrug (EC = 0.041 μM). The novel prodrug also induced T cell mediated leukemia cell lysis. Analysis of dose-response data reveals HMBPP-induced Hill coefficients of 0.69 for target cell lysis and 0.68 in interferon secretion. Together, tris-POM prodrugs enhance the cellular activity of phosphinophosphonates, reveal structure-activity relationships of butyrophilin ligands, and support a negatively cooperative model of cellular butyrophilin activation.
Antigens, CD - metabolism Butyrophilins - agonists Butyrophilins - metabolism Cell Line Humans K562 Cells Lymphocyte Activation - drug effects Molecular Docking Simulation Organophosphonates - chemistry Organophosphonates - pharmacology Phosphines - chemistry Phosphines - pharmacology Prodrugs - chemistry Prodrugs - pharmacology T-Lymphocytes - drug effects

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