Photosensitized Methylene Blue Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach for the Control of Oral Infections

Magali Parizzi; Aline Rosa Almeida; Gabriel Salvador; Diogo Dominguini; Mylena Fernandes; Daniela Becker; Michael Ramos Nunes; Anelise Viapiana Masiero; Cleonice Gonçalves da Rosa

doi:10.3390/biomedicines13030673

Back

Photosensitized Methylene Blue Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach for the Control of Oral Infections

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Photosensitized Methylene Blue Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach for the Control of Oral Infections

Magali Parizzi, Aline Rosa Almeida, Gabriel Salvador, Diogo Dominguini, Mylena Fernandes, Daniela Becker, Michael Ramos Nunes, Anelise Viapiana Masiero and Cleonice Gonçalves da Rosa

Biomedicines, Vol.13(3), 673

03/10/2025

DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13030673

PMCID: PMC11940099

PMID: 40149649

Files and links (1)

url

https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13030673View

Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Introduction: Oral infections pose significant public health challenges, often exacerbating other comorbidities and increasing systemic health risks. Traditional treatments often fail to eliminate persistent micro-organisms and contribute to the rise of antimicrobial resistance. Nanoparticulate systems offer a promising solution by delivering active agents directly to targeted sites, providing more effective and localized treatment options. Objective: This study aimed to synthesize and characterize methylcellulose nanoparticles containing methylene blue at different concentrations using the nanoprecipitation method. We also evaluated their biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity against key micro-organisms commonly found in oral infections. Methods: The study involved physicochemical and morphological characterizations, including encapsulation efficiency, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, controlled release profiles, antimicrobial efficacy against major oral pathogens, and biocompatibility in vitro assessments were performed. Results: The results revealed encapsulation efficiency between 99.1 and 98.8%, with particle sizes ranging from 186 to 274 nm and a zeta potential of 1.7 to 2.9 mV achieved at lower concentrations of methylene blue and methylcellulose. The nanoparticles demonstrated sustained drug release of 85% for the smaller particles and 45% for the larger particles for more than 10 h. The nanoparticles exhibited superior antimicrobial activity compared to pure methylene blue. Cell viability studies indicated that the nanoparticles were biocompatible with approximately 40% cell viability at lower concentrations of the nanoparticles. Conclusions: These findings suggest that methylene blue nanoparticles could serve as a promising adjunct in dental treatments. They offer targeted antimicrobial action while potentially reducing the development of antimicrobial resistance.

nanotechnology

controlled release

antimicrobial resistance

biocompatibility

Details

Title: Subtitle: Photosensitized Methylene Blue Nanoparticles: A Promising Approach for the Control of Oral Infections
Creators: Magali Parizzi - Universidade do Planalto Catarinense
Aline Rosa Almeida - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina
Gabriel Salvador
Diogo Dominguini - Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense
Mylena Fernandes - Universidade do Planalto Catarinense
Daniela Becker - Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina
Michael Ramos Nunes - Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Santa Catarina
Anelise Viapiana Masiero - University of Iowa
Cleonice Gonçalves da Rosa - Universidade do Planalto Catarinense
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Biomedicines, Vol.13(3), 673
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13030673
PMID: 40149649
PMCID: PMC11940099
NLM abbreviation: Biomedicines
ISSN: 2227-9059
eISSN: 2227-9059
Publisher: MDPI
Grant note: Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Estado Santa Catarina (FAPESC): FAPESC 12/2020 TO2021TR1482, FAPESC 12/2020 TO2021TR001430, FAPESC 15/2021 TO2021TR001220, FAPESC 54/2022 TO2023TR000648, FAPESC 54/2022 TO2023TR000883, FAPESC 54/2022 TO2023TR000884, FAPESC 15/2023 TO2023TR001418, FAPESC 15/2023 TO2023TR001518, 18/2024, 20/2024, 61/2024 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq): 69/2022-PIBPG Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)-Programa de Desenvolvimento da Pos-Graduacao (PDPG)
This research was funded by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa e Inovacao do Estado Santa Catarina (FAPESC) grant numbers FAPESC 12/2020 TO2021TR1482, FAPESC 12/2020 TO2021TR001430, FAPESC 15/2021 TO2021TR001220, FAPESC 54/2022 TO2023TR000648, FAPESC 54/2022 TO2023TR000883, FAPESC 54/2022 TO2023TR000884, FAPESC 15/2023 TO2023TR001418, FAPESC 15/2023 TO2023TR001518, FAPESC no 18/2024, FAPESC no 20/2024, and FAPESC no 61/2024. This research was also funded by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) no 69/2022-PIBPG and the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)-Programa de Desenvolvimento da Pos-Graduacao (PDPG).
Language: English
Date published: 03/10/2025
Academic Unit: Endodontics
Record Identifier: 9984801668602771

Metrics

8 Record Views

1 Times Cited - Web of Science