Journal article
Physical Activity Modifies the Association between Dietary Protein and Lean Mass of Postmenopausal Women
Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol.117(2), pp.192-203.e1
02/2017
DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2016.10.009
PMCID: PMC5276713
PMID: 27914915
Abstract
Maintenance of lean muscle mass and related strength is associated with lower risk for numerous chronic diseases of aging in women.
Our aim was to evaluate whether the association between dietary protein and lean mass differs by physical activity level, amino acid composition, and body mass index categories.
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of a prospective cohort.
Participants were postmenopausal women from the Women’s Health Initiative with body composition measurements by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (n=8,298).
Our study measured percent lean mass, percent fat mass, and lean body mass index.
Linear regression models adjusted for scanner serial number, age, calibrated energy intake, race/ethnicity, neighborhood socioeconomic status, and recreational physical activity were used to determine the relationship between protein intake and body composition measures. Likelihood ratio tests and stratified analysis were used to investigate physical activity and body mass index as potential effect modifiers.
Biomarker-calibrated protein intake was positively associated with percent lean mass; women in the highest protein quintile had 6.3 percentage points higher lean mass than the lowest quintile (P<0.001). This difference rose to 8.5 percentage points for physically active women in the highest protein quintile (Pinteraction=0.023). Percent fat mass and lean body mass index were both inversely related to protein intake (both P<0.001). Physical activity further reduced percent fat mass (Pinteraction=0.022) and lean body mass index (Pinteraction=0.011). Leucine intake was associated with lean mass, as were branched chain amino acids combined (both P<0.001), but not independent of total protein. All associations were observed for normal-weight, overweight, and obese women.
Protein consumption up to 2.02 g/kg body weight daily is positively associated with lean mass in postmenopausal women. Importantly, those that also engage in physical activity have the highest lean mass across body mass index categories.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Physical Activity Modifies the Association between Dietary Protein and Lean Mass of Postmenopausal Women
- Creators
- Jessica A MartinezBetsy C WertheimCynthia A ThomsonJennifer W BeaRobert WallaceMatthew AllisonLinda SnetselaarZhao ChenRami NassirPatricia A Thompson
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol.117(2), pp.192-203.e1
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jand.2016.10.009
- PMID
- 27914915
- PMCID
- PMC5276713
- NLM abbreviation
- J Acad Nutr Diet
- ISSN
- 2212-2672
- eISSN
- 2212-2680
- Publisher
- Elsevier Inc
- Grant note
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health, and US Department of Health and Human Services
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 02/2017
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center; Injury Prevention Research Center; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9983996187802771
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