Practice effects in the prediction of long-term cognitive outcome in three patient samples: A novel prognostic index

Kevin Duff; Leigh J Beglinger; Susan K Schultz; David J Moser; Robert J McCaffrey; Richard F Haase; Holly J.K Westervelt; Douglas R Langbehn; Jane S Paulsen; Huntington's Study Group

doi:10.1016/j.acn.2006.08.013

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Practice effects in the prediction of long-term cognitive outcome in three patient samples: A novel prognostic index

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Practice effects in the prediction of long-term cognitive outcome in three patient samples: A novel prognostic index

Kevin Duff, Leigh J Beglinger, Susan K Schultz, David J Moser, Robert J McCaffrey, Richard F Haase, Holly J.K Westervelt, Douglas R Langbehn, Jane S Paulsen and Huntington's Study Group

Archives of clinical neuropsychology, Vol.22(1), pp.15-24

2007

DOI: 10.1016/j.acn.2006.08.013

PMCID: PMC1847360

PMID: 17142007

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Abstract

Practice effects, defined as improvements in cognitive test performance due to repeated exposure to the test materials, have traditionally been viewed as sources of error. However, they might provide useful information for predicting cognitive outcome. The current study used three separate patient samples (older adults with mild cognitive impairments, individuals who were HIV+, individuals with Huntington's disease) to examine the relationship between practice effects and cognitive functioning at a later point. Across all three samples, practice effects accounted for as much as 31–83% of the variance in the follow-up cognitive scores, after controlling for baseline cognitive functioning. If these findings can be replicated in other patients with neurodegenerative disorders, clinicians and researchers may be able to develop predictive models to identify the individuals who are most likely to demonstrate continued cognitive decline across time. The ability to utilize practice effects data would add a simple, convenient, and non-invasive marker for monitoring an individual patient's cognitive status. Additionally, this prognostic index could be used to offer interventions to patients who are in the earliest stages of progressive neurodegenerative disorders.

Cognitive outcome

HIV

Huntington's disease

Practice effects

Mild cognitive impairment

Details

Title: Subtitle: Practice effects in the prediction of long-term cognitive outcome in three patient samples: A novel prognostic index
Creators: Kevin Duff - University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry, MEB 1-308, Iowa City, IA 52242-1000, United States
Leigh J Beglinger - University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry, MEB 1-308, Iowa City, IA 52242-1000, United States
Susan K Schultz - University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry, MEB 1-308, Iowa City, IA 52242-1000, United States
David J Moser - University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry, MEB 1-308, Iowa City, IA 52242-1000, United States
Robert J McCaffrey - University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Psychology, United States
Richard F Haase - University at Albany, State University of New York, Department of Counseling Psychology, United States
Holly J.K Westervelt - Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, United States
Douglas R Langbehn - University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry, MEB 1-308, Iowa City, IA 52242-1000, United States
Jane S Paulsen - University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry, MEB 1-308, Iowa City, IA 52242-1000, United States
Huntington's Study Group
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Archives of clinical neuropsychology, Vol.22(1), pp.15-24
DOI: 10.1016/j.acn.2006.08.013
PMID: 17142007
PMCID: PMC1847360
NLM abbreviation: Arch Clin Neuropsychol
ISSN: 0887-6177
eISSN: 1873-5843
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd
Language: English
Date published: 2007
Academic Unit: Psychiatry; Psychological and Brain Sciences; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Medicine Administration; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9984003979002771

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