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Preclinical Models of Neuroendocrine Neoplasia
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Preclinical Models of Neuroendocrine Neoplasia

Andrew J. H. Sedlack, Kimia Saleh-Anaraki, Suresh Kumar, Po Hien Ear, Kate E. Lines, Nitin Roper, Karel Pacak, Emily Bergsland, Dawn E. Quelle, James R. Howe, …
Cancers, Vol.14(22), p.5646
11/17/2022
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225646
PMCID: PMC9688518
PMID: 36428741
url
https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14225646View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Neuroendocrine neoplasia (NENs) are a complex and heterogeneous group of cancers that can arise from neuroendocrine tissues throughout the body and differentiate them from other tumors. Their low incidence and high diversity make many of them orphan conditions characterized by a low incidence and few dedicated clinical trials. Study of the molecular and genetic nature of these diseases is limited in comparison to more common cancers and more dependent on preclinical models, including both in vitro models (such as cell lines and 3D models) and in vivo models (such as patient derived xenografts (PDXs) and genetically-engineered mouse models (GEMMs)). While preclinical models do not fully recapitulate the nature of these cancers in patients, they are useful tools in investigation of the basic biology and early-stage investigation for evaluation of treatments for these cancers. We review available preclinical models for each type of NEN and discuss their history as well as their current use and translation.
castration-resistant prostate cancer cell line genetically-engineered mouse model neuroendocrine tumor organoid Review small cell lung cancer xenograft

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