Predicting vocabulary growth in children with and without specific language impairment: a longitudinal study from 2;6 to 21 years of age

Mabel L Rice; Lesa Hoffman

doi:10.1044/2015_JSLHR-L-14-0150

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Predicting vocabulary growth in children with and without specific language impairment: a longitudinal study from 2;6 to 21 years of age

Journal article

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Predicting vocabulary growth in children with and without specific language impairment: a longitudinal study from 2;6 to 21 years of age

Mabel L Rice and Lesa Hoffman

Journal of speech, language, and hearing research, Vol.58(2), pp.345-359

04/2015

DOI: 10.1044/2015_JSLHR-L-14-0150

PMCID: PMC4398600

PMID: 25611623

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Abstract

Children with specific language impairment (SLI) often have vocabulary impairments. This study evaluates longitudinal growth in a latent trait of receptive vocabulary in affected and unaffected children ages 2;6 (years;months) to 21 years and evaluates as possible predictors maternal education, child gender, and nonverbal IQ. A sample of 519 participants (240 with SLI; 279 unaffected) received an average of 7 annual assessments for a total of 3,012 latent trait Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) observations. Unconditional and conditional multilevel growth models were estimated to evaluate growth trajectories and predictor relationships over time. Children with SLI had lower levels of receptive vocabulary throughout the age range assessed. They did not close the gap with age peers. Children with higher nonverbal IQs had better PPVT performance, as did children of mothers with higher education. Child gender showed an advantage for young girls that leveled out with age and then became an advantage for boys from ages 10 to 21 years. All children's rate of vocabulary acquisition slowed around 12 years of age. The outcomes of the study have implications for hypothesized causal pathways for individual differences; predictions differ for children under 5 years, 6-10 years, and later ages.

Vocabulary

Intelligence

Humans

Child, Preschool

Male

Educational Status

Case-Control Studies

Intelligence Tests

Young Adult

Language Development Disorders - psychology

Language Tests

Child Language

Adolescent

Sex Factors

Female

Child

Longitudinal Studies

Details

Title: Subtitle: Predicting vocabulary growth in children with and without specific language impairment: a longitudinal study from 2;6 to 21 years of age
Creators: Mabel L Rice
Lesa Hoffman
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research, Vol.58(2), pp.345-359
DOI: 10.1044/2015_JSLHR-L-14-0150
PMID: 25611623
PMCID: PMC4398600
NLM abbreviation: J Speech Lang Hear Res
ISSN: 1092-4388
eISSN: 1558-9102
Publisher: United States
Grant note: R01DC001803 / NIDCD NIH HHS P30 HD002528 / NICHD NIH HHS R01 DC005226 / NIDCD NIH HHS R01 DC001803 / NIDCD NIH HHS P30 DC005803 / NIDCD NIH HHS P30HD002528 / NICHD NIH HHS P30DC005803 / NIDCD NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 04/2015
Academic Unit: Psychological and Quantitative Foundations
Record Identifier: 9983993337302771

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