Predictors of Driving Outcomes in Advancing Age

Jamie L Emerson; Amy M Johnson; Jeffrey D Dawson; Ergun Y Uc; Steven W Anderson; Matthew Rizzo

doi:10.1037/a0026359

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Predictors of Driving Outcomes in Advancing Age

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Predictors of Driving Outcomes in Advancing Age

Jamie L Emerson, Amy M Johnson, Jeffrey D Dawson, Ergun Y Uc, Steven W Anderson and Matthew Rizzo

Psychology and aging, Vol.27(3), pp.550-559

09/2012

DOI: 10.1037/a0026359

PMCID: PMC3360997

PMID: 22182364

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3360997View

Open Access

Abstract

This study aimed to develop predictive models for real-life driving outcomes in older drivers. Demographics, driving history, on-road driving errors, and performance on visual, motor, and neuropsychological test scores at baseline were assessed in 100 older drivers (ages 65–89 years [72.7]). These variables were used to predict time to driving cessation, first moving violation, or crash. Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, significant individual predictors for driving cessation were greater age and poorer scores on Near Visual Acuity, Contrast Sensitivity, Useful Field of View, Judgment of Line Orientation, Trail Making Test-Part A, Benton Visual Retention Test, Grooved Pegboard, and a composite index of overall cognitive ability. Greater weekly mileage, higher education, and “serious” on-road errors predicted moving violations. Poorer scores from Trail Making Test-Part B or Trail Making Test (B-A) and serious on-road errors predicted crashes. Multivariate models using “off-road” predictors revealed (1) age and Contrast Sensitivity as best predictors for driving cessation; (2) education, weekly mileage, and Auditory Verbal Learning Task-Recall for moving violations; and (3) education, number of crashes over the past year, Auditory Verbal Learning Task-Recall, and Trail Making Test (B-A) for crashes. Diminished visual, motor, and cognitive abilities in older drivers can be easily and noninvasively monitored with standardized off-road tests, and performances on these measures predict involvement in motor vehicle crashes and driving cessation, even in the absence of a neurological disorder.

safety errors

driving cessation

neuropsychological tests

instrumented vehicle

Details

Title: Subtitle: Predictors of Driving Outcomes in Advancing Age
Creators: Jamie L Emerson - University of Iowa Department of Neurology 200 Hawkins Drive Iowa City, IA 52242 Phone: 356-0808
Amy M Johnson - University of Iowa Department of Biostatistics 200 Hawkins Drive Iowa City, IA 52242 Phone: 384-5023
Jeffrey D Dawson - University of Iowa Department of Biostatistics 200 Hawkins Drive Iowa City, IA 52242 Phone: 384-5023
Ergun Y Uc - 1-University of Iowa Department of Neurology 200 Hawkins Drive Iowa City, IA 52242 Phone: 356-8754 2-Neurology Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center Iowa City, IA, USA
Steven W Anderson - University of Iowa Department of Neurology 200 Hawkins Drive Iowa City, IA 52242 Phone: 356-2671 Fax: 384-7199
Matthew Rizzo - University of Iowa Department of Neurology 200 Hawkins Drive Iowa City, IA 52242 Phone: 356-8748 Fax: 384-7199
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Psychology and aging, Vol.27(3), pp.550-559
DOI: 10.1037/a0026359
PMID: 22182364
PMCID: PMC3360997
NLM abbreviation: Psychol Aging
ISSN: 0882-7974
eISSN: 1939-1498
Grant note: R01 AG015071-01A2 || AG / National Institute on Aging : NIA R01 AG017177-01 || AG / National Institute on Aging : NIA
Language: English
Date published: 09/2012
Academic Unit: Neurology; Public Health Administration; Biostatistics; Internal Medicine
Record Identifier: 9983997998702771

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