Journal article
Production of β-Defensin Antimicrobial Peptides by the Oral Mucosa and Salivary Glands
Infection and immunity, Vol.67(6), pp.2740-2745
06/1999
DOI: 10.1128/iai.67.6.2740-2745.1999
PMCID: PMC96577
PMID: 10338476
Abstract
β-Defensins are cationic peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that are produced by epithelia at mucosal surfaces. Two human β-defensins, HBD-1 and HBD-2, were discovered in 1995 and 1997, respectively. However, little is known about the expression of HBD-1 or HBD-2 in tissues of the oral cavity and whether these proteins are secreted. In this study, we characterized the expression of HBD-1 and HBD-2 mRNAs within the major salivary glands, tongue, gingiva, and buccal mucosa and detected β-defensin peptides in salivary secretions. Defensin mRNA expression was quantitated by RNase protection assays. HBD-1 mRNA expression was detected in the gingiva, parotid gland, buccal mucosa, and tongue. Expression of HBD-2 mRNA was detected only in the gingival mucosa and was most abundant in tissues with associated inflammation. To test whether β-defensin expression was inducible, gingival keratinocyte cell cultures were treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h. HBD-2 expression increased ∼16-fold with IL-1β treatment and ∼5-fold in the presence of LPS. Western immunoblotting, liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry were used to identify the HBD-1 and HBD-2 peptides in human saliva. Human β-defensins are expressed in oral tissues, and the proteins are secreted in saliva; HBD-1 expression was constitutive, while HBD-2 expression was induced by IL-1β and LPS. Human β-defensins may play an important role in the innate defenses against oral microorganisms.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Production of β-Defensin Antimicrobial Peptides by the Oral Mucosa and Salivary Glands
- Creators
- Michael Mathews - Department of Periodontics and Dows Institute for Dental ResearchHong Peng Jia - Department of Periodontics and Dows Institute for Dental ResearchJanet M Guthmiller - Department of Periodontics and Dows Institute for Dental ResearchGarrett Losh - Department of Periodontics and Dows Institute for Dental ResearchScott Graham - Department of Periodontics and Dows Institute for Dental ResearchGeorgia K Johnson - Department of Periodontics and Dows Institute for Dental ResearchBrian F Tack - Department of Periodontics and Dows Institute for Dental ResearchPaul B McCray - Department of Periodontics and Dows Institute for Dental Research
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Infection and immunity, Vol.67(6), pp.2740-2745
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- DOI
- 10.1128/iai.67.6.2740-2745.1999
- PMID
- 10338476
- PMCID
- PMC96577
- ISSN
- 0019-9567
- eISSN
- 1098-5522
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 06/1999
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Pulmonary Medicine; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Pediatric Dentistry; Neurosurgery; Otolaryngology; Periodontics; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984007185702771
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