Protective and Pathologic Roles of the Immune Response to Mouse Hepatitis Virus Type 1: Implications for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Aaruni Khanolkar; Stacey M Hartwig; Brayton A Haag; David K Meyerholz; Lecia L Epping; Jodie S Haring; Steven M Varga; John T Harty

doi:10.1128/JVI.00355-09

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Protective and Pathologic Roles of the Immune Response to Mouse Hepatitis Virus Type 1: Implications for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Journal article

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Protective and Pathologic Roles of the Immune Response to Mouse Hepatitis Virus Type 1: Implications for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Aaruni Khanolkar, Stacey M Hartwig, Brayton A Haag, David K Meyerholz, Lecia L Epping, Jodie S Haring, Steven M Varga and John T Harty

Journal of virology, Vol.83(18), pp.9258-9272

09/2009

DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00355-09

PMCID: PMC2738266

PMID: 19570864

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Abstract

Intranasal mouse hepatitis virus type 1 (MHV-1) infection of mice induces lung pathology similar to that observed in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients. However, the severity of MHV-1-induced pulmonary disease varies among mouse strains, and it has been suggested that differences in the host immune response might account for this variation. It has also been suggested that immunopathology may represent an important clinical feature of SARS. Little is known about the host immune response to MHV-1 and how it might contribute to some of the pathological changes detected in infected mice. In this study we show that an intact type I interferon system and the adaptive immune responses are required for controlling MHV-1 replication and preventing morbidity and mortality in resistant C57BL/6J mice after infection. The NK cell response also helps minimize the severity of illness following MHV-1 infection of C57BL/6J mice. In A/J and C3H/HeJ mice, which are highly susceptible to MHV-1-induced disease, we demonstrate that both CD4 and CD8 T cells contribute to morbidity during primary infection, and memory responses can enhance morbidity and mortality during subsequent reexposure to MHV-1. However, morbidity in A/J and C3H/HeJ mice can be minimized by treating them with immune serum prior to MHV-1 infection. Overall, our findings highlight the role of the host immune response in contributing to the pathogenesis of coronavirus-induced respiratory disease.

Pathogenesis and Immunity

Details

Title: Subtitle: Protective and Pathologic Roles of the Immune Response to Mouse Hepatitis Virus Type 1: Implications for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Creators: Aaruni Khanolkar - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Stacey M Hartwig - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Brayton A Haag - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
David K Meyerholz - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Lecia L Epping - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Jodie S Haring - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Steven M Varga - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
John T Harty - Department of Microbiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of virology, Vol.83(18), pp.9258-9272
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00355-09
PMID: 19570864
PMCID: PMC2738266
NLM abbreviation: J Virol
ISSN: 0022-538X
eISSN: 1098-5514
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
Language: English
Date published: 09/2009
Academic Unit: Graduate College Admin and Gen; Microbiology and Immunology; Pathology
Record Identifier: 9984047752202771

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