Journal article
Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocyanin directly oxidizes glutathione and decreases its levels in airway epithelial cells
American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology, Vol.287(1), pp.L94-103
07/2004
DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00025.2004
PMID: 15020296
Abstract
Production of pyocyanin enhances Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence. Many of pyocyanin's in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic effects on human cells appear to result from its ability to redox cycle. Pyocyanin directly accepts electrons from NADH or NADPH with subsequent electron transfer to oxygen, generating reactive oxygen species. Reduced glutathione (GSH) is an important cellular antioxidant, and it contributes to the regulation of redox-sensitive signaling systems. Using the human bronchial epithelial (HBE) and the A549 human type II alveolar epithelial cell lines, we tested the hypothesis that pyocyanin can deplete airway epithelial cells of GSH. Incubation of both cell types with pyocyanin led to a concentration-dependent loss of cellular GSH (up to 50%) and an increase in oxidized GSH (GSSG) in the HBE, but not A549 cells, at 24 h. An increase in total GSH, mostly as GSSG, was detected in the culture media, suggesting export of GSH or GSSG from the pyocyanin-exposed cells. Loss of GSH could be due to pyocyanin-induced H(2)O(2) formation. However, overexpression of catalase only partially prevented the pyocyanin-mediated decline in cellular GSH. Cell-free electron paramagnetic resonance studies revealed that pyocyanin directly oxidizes GSH, forming pyocyanin free radical and O(2)(-). Pyocyanin oxidized other thiol-containing compounds, cysteine and N-acetyl-cysteine, but not methionine. Thus GSH may enhance pyocyanin-induced cytotoxicity by functioning as an alternative source of reducing equivalents for pyocyanin redox cycling. Pyocyanin-mediated alterations in cellular GSH may alter epithelial cell functions by modulating redox sensitive signaling events.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa pyocyanin directly oxidizes glutathione and decreases its levels in airway epithelial cells
- Creators
- Yunxia Q O'Malley - Veterans Health AdministrationKrzysztof J Reszka - University of IowaDouglas R Spitz - University of IowaGerene M Denning - University of IowaBradley E Britigan - UAMS College of Medicine
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology, Vol.287(1), pp.L94-103
- DOI
- 10.1152/ajplung.00025.2004
- PMID
- 15020296
- ISSN
- 1040-0605
- eISSN
- 1522-1504
- Grant note
- P01-CA-66081 / NCI NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 07/2004
- Academic Unit
- Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Pathology; Emergency Medicine; Radiation Oncology; Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pancreatology, and Nutrition; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center
- Record Identifier
- 9984312960402771
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