Journal article
Pulmonary Gas Exchange and Exercise Capacity in Adults Born Preterm
Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Vol.12(8), pp.1130-1137
08/2015
DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201410-470oc
PMCID: PMC4566409
PMID: 26053283
Abstract
Preterm birth, and its often-required medical interventions, can result in respiratory and gas exchange deficits into childhood. However, the long-term sequelae into adulthood are not well understood.
To determine exercise capacity and pulmonary gas exchange efficiency during exercise in adult survivors of preterm birth.
Preterm (n = 14), very low birth weight (<1,500 g) adults (20-23 yr) and term-born, age-matched control subjects (n = 16) performed incremental exercise on a cycle ergometer to volitional exhaustion while breathing one of two oxygen concentrations: normoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen, 0.21) or hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen, 0.12).
Ventilation, mixed expired gases, arterial blood gases, power output, and oxygen consumption were measured during rest and exercise. We calculated the alveolar-to-arterial oxygen difference to determine pulmonary gas exchange efficiency. Preterm subjects had lower power output at volitional exhaustion than did control subjects in normoxia (150 ± 10 vs. 180 ± 10 W; P = 0.01), despite similar normoxic oxygen consumption. However, during hypoxic exercise, there was no difference in power output at volitional exhaustion between the two groups (116 ± 10 vs. 135 ± 10 W; P = 0.11). Preterm subjects also exhibited a more acidotic, acid-base balance throughout exercise compared with control subjects. In contrast to other studies, adults born preterm, as a group developed a wider alveolar-to-arterial oxygen difference and lower PaO2 than did control subjects during normoxic but not hypoxic exercise.
This study demonstrates that pulmonary gas exchange efficiency is lower in some adult survivors of preterm birth during exercise compared with control subjects. The gas exchange inefficiency, when present, is accompanied by low arterial blood oxygen tension. Preterm subjects also exhibit reduced power output. Overall, our findings suggest potential long-term consequences of extreme preterm birth and very low birth weight on cardiopulmonary function.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Pulmonary Gas Exchange and Exercise Capacity in Adults Born Preterm
- Creators
- Emily T Farrell - 1 Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Division and the John Rankin Laboratory of Pulmonary MedicineMelissa L Bates - 2 Department of Health and Human Physiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IowaDavid F Pegelow - 1 Department of Pediatrics, Critical Care Division and the John Rankin Laboratory of Pulmonary MedicineMari Palta - 4 Department of Biostatistics and Medical InformaticsJens C Eickhoff - 4 Department of Biostatistics and Medical InformaticsMatthew J O'Brien - 5 Department of Pulmonary Function, andMarlowe W Eldridge - 6 Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin; and
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Vol.12(8), pp.1130-1137
- DOI
- 10.1513/annalsats.201410-470oc
- PMID
- 26053283
- PMCID
- PMC4566409
- NLM abbreviation
- Ann Am Thorac Soc
- ISSN
- 2325-6621
- eISSN
- 2325-6621
- Publisher
- American Thoracic Society; United States
- Grant note
- R01 HL38149 / NHLBI NIH HHS 1R01 HL086897 / NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL038149 / NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL086897 / NHLBI NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 08/2015
- Academic Unit
- Pediatric Psychology; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Psychological and Quantitative Foundations; Health, Sport, and Human Physiology ; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984002370702771
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