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RNA polymerase II elongation control
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

RNA polymerase II elongation control

Qiang Zhou, Tiandao Li and David H Price
Annual review of biochemistry, Vol.81(1), pp.119-143
2012
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-052610-095910
PMCID: PMC4273853
PMID: 22404626
url
http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-052610-095910View
Open Access

Abstract

Regulation of the elongation phase of transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is utilized extensively to generate the pattern of mRNAs needed to specify cell types and to respond to environmental changes. After Pol II initiates, negative elongation factors cause it to pause in a promoter proximal position. These polymerases are poised to respond to the positive transcription elongation factor P-TEFb, and then enter productive elongation only under the appropriate set of signals to generate full-length properly processed mRNAs. Recent global analyses of Pol II and elongation factors, mechanisms that regulate P-TEFb involving the 7SK small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP), factors that control both the negative and positive elongation properties of Pol II, and the mRNA processing events that are coupled with elongation are discussed.
Animals Humans Gene Expression Regulation Transcription, Genetic Transcription Factors RNA Polymerase II - metabolism Eukaryota - metabolism RNA Polymerase II - chemistry

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