Journal article
Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease Risk: Role of Exposure to Ambient Fine Particles
The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, Vol.77(5), pp.977-985
05/05/2022
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab231
PMCID: PMC9071399
PMID: 34383042
Abstract
Whether racial/ethnic disparities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk may be explained by ambient fine particles (PM2.5) has not been studied.
We conducted a prospective, population-based study on a cohort of Black (n = 481) and White (n = 6 004) older women (aged 65-79) without dementia at enrollment (1995-1998). Cox models accounting for competing risk were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for racial/ethnic disparities in AD (1996-2010) defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition and the association with time-varying annual average PM2.5 (1999-2010) estimated by spatiotemporal model.
Over an average follow-up of 8.3 (±3.5) years with 158 incident cases (21 in Black women), the racial disparities in AD risk (range of adjusted HRBlack women = 1.85-2.41) observed in various models could not be explained by geographic region, age, socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle factors, cardiovascular risk factors, and hormone therapy assignment. Estimated PM2.5 exposure was higher in Black (14.38 ± 2.21 µg/m3) than in White (12.55 ± 2.76 µg/m3) women, and further adjustment for the association between PM2.5 and AD (adjusted HRPM2.5 = 1.18-1.28) slightly reduced the racial disparities by 2%-6% (HRBlack women = 1.81-2.26). The observed association between PM2.5 and AD risk was ~2 times greater in Black (HRPM2.5 = 2.10-2.60) than in White (HRPM2.5 = 1.07-1.15) women (range of interaction ps: <.01-.01). We found similar results after further adjusting for social engagement (social strain, social support, social activity, living alone), stressful life events, Women's Health Initiative's clinic sites, and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics.
PM2.5 may contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in AD risk and its associated increase in AD risk was stronger among Black women.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease Risk: Role of Exposure to Ambient Fine Particles
- Creators
- Diana Younan - University of Southern CaliforniaXinhui Wang - University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USATara Gruenewald - Chapman UniversityMargaret Gatz - University of Southern CaliforniaMarc L Serre - University of North CarolinaWilliam Vizuete - University of North CarolinaMeredith N Braskie - University of Southern CaliforniaNancy F Woods - University of WashingtonKa Kahe - Columbia UniversityLorena Garcia - University of California, DavisFred Lurmann - Sonoma TechnologyJoAnn E Manson - Brigham and Women's HospitalHelena C Chui - University of Southern CaliforniaRobert B Wallace - University of IowaMark A Espeland - Wake Forest UniversityJiu-Chiuan Chen - University of Southern California
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, Vol.77(5), pp.977-985
- DOI
- 10.1093/gerona/glab231
- PMID
- 34383042
- PMCID
- PMC9071399
- NLM abbreviation
- J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
- ISSN
- 1079-5006
- eISSN
- 1758-535X
- Grant note
- P50 AG005142 / NIA NIH HHS HHSN271201100004C / NIA NIH HHS HHSN268201100001C / WHI NIH HHS P01 AG055367 / NIA NIH HHS NHLBI NIH HHS NIH HHS P30 AG066530 / NIA NIH HHS HHSN268201100004C / WHI NIH HHS HHSN268201100046C / NHLBI NIH HHS P30 AG049638 / NIA NIH HHS AARF-19-591356 / Alzheimer's Association R01 ES025888 / NIEHS NIH HHS HHSN268201100002C / WHI NIH HHS P30 ES010126 / NIEHS NIH HHS 5P30ES007048 / NIEHS NIH HHS HHSN268201100003C / WHI NIH HHS R01 AG033078 / NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG054068 / NIA NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 05/05/2022
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology; Injury Prevention Research Center; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984363642902771
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