Recognition and Recurrence of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Secondary to Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Series and Review Of The Literature

Ahmet Salduz; Michael D Russell; Benjamin J Miller

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Recognition and Recurrence of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Secondary to Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Series and Review Of The Literature

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Recognition and Recurrence of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Secondary to Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Series and Review Of The Literature

Ahmet Salduz, Michael D Russell and Benjamin J Miller

The Iowa orthopaedic journal, Vol.45(1), pp.121-125

2025

PMCID: PMC12212323

PMID: 40606728

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https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12212323/View

Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, benign bone lesions with distinct genetic and pathological characteristics. Secondary ABCs arising from giant cell tumors (GCTs) are associated with higher recurrence rates compared to primary ABCs. This study aimed to evaluate recurrence rates and risk factors for primary ABCs, secondary ABCs in GCT, and GCTs, with a focus on radiologic and clinical predictors. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 44 patients with histologically confirmed primary ABC (n=24), secondary ABC in GCT (n=8), or GCT (n=12), treated surgically with adjuvants between 2010 and 2020. Tumors were staged using the Enneking/MSTS system, and recurrence rates were assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Chi-square tests. The mean follow-up period was 49.4 months. The overall recurrence rate was 11%, with a 5-year recurrence-free survival rate of 89%. Recurrence-free survival was 92% for primary ABCs, 92% for GCTs, and 75% for secondary ABCs. Significant risk factors included soft tissue extension in primary ABCs (p = 0.037) and mixed radiologic appearance in GCTs (p = 0.033). Secondary ABCs were more common in patients over 20 years and often presented with multiloculated cystic areas. Recurrence rates are similar among primary ABCs, secondary ABCs, and GCTs. However, secondary ABCs exhibit recurrence behaviors closer to GCTs, particularly in patients with advanced age and complex radiological features. These findings highlight the importance of meticulous tumor resection and the careful use of adjuvants to reduce the risk of recurrence. .

Adolescent

Adult

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal - diagnosis

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal - diagnostic imaging

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal - etiology

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal - pathology

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal - surgery

Bone Neoplasms - complications

Bone Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging

Bone Neoplasms - pathology

Bone Neoplasms - surgery

Child

Female

Giant Cell Tumor of Bone - complications

Giant Cell Tumor of Bone - pathology

Giant Cell Tumor of Bone - surgery

Humans

Male

Middle Aged

Neoplasm Recurrence, Local - epidemiology

Retrospective Studies

Risk Factors

Young Adult

Details

Title: Subtitle: Recognition and Recurrence of Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Secondary to Giant Cell Tumor: A Case Series and Review Of The Literature
Creators: Ahmet Salduz - Istanbul University
Michael D Russell - University of Iowa
Benjamin J Miller - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: The Iowa orthopaedic journal, Vol.45(1), pp.121-125
PMID: 40606728
PMCID: PMC12212323
NLM abbreviation: Iowa Orthop J
ISSN: 1555-1377
eISSN: 1555-1377
Publisher: The University of Iowa
Language: English
Date published: 2025
Academic Unit: Orthopedics and Rehabilitation
Record Identifier: 9984843243302771

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