Journal article
Reducing the Dose of Smallpox Vaccine Reduces Vaccine-Associated Morbidity without Reducing Vaccination Success Rates or Immune Responses
The Journal of infectious diseases, Vol.195(6), pp.826-832
03/15/2007
DOI: 10.1086/511828
PMID: 17299712
Abstract
Background. When the decision was made to prepare for a deliberate release of smallpox, the United States had ∼15 million doses of Wyeth Dryvax vaccine, which was known to induce significant morbidity when used undiluted; Sanofi Pasteur, Inc., later identified ∼85 million additional doses in storage. Methods. Eleven vaccine-dose groups, each with 30 vaccinia-naive subjects, were given diluted Dryvax vaccine or 1 of 2 lots of Sanofi Pasteur smallpox vaccine and were evaluated for vaccination success rates, morbidity, and immune responses. Results. Estimated doses of 106.6–C108.2 pfu of virus/mL induced major reactions (or “takes”) in 93%–100% of subjects in each dose group. No differences in vaccination take rates, lesion size, erythema, and induration or in serum neutralizing-antibody response were detected between the groups. However, systemic reactogenicity and missed activities were significantly lower for the vaccine groups given doses of 106.6–C107.2 pfu/mL than for those given doses of 106.6–C108.2 pfu/mL. Conclusions. These findings support the use of a higher dilution of Wyeth Dryvax vaccine and Sanofi Pasteur smallpox vaccine, given that the resulting morbidity should be significantly lower without loss of vaccine effectiveness. A plan for use of higher dilutions would create an enormous stockpile of vaccine.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Reducing the Dose of Smallpox Vaccine Reduces Vaccine-Associated Morbidity without Reducing Vaccination Success Rates or Immune Responses
- Creators
- Robert B Couch - Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TexasPatricia Winokur - University of Iowa and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa CityKathryn M Edwards - Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TennesseeSteven Black - Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Center, Oakland, CaliforniaRobert L Atmar - Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TexasJack T Stapleton - University of Iowa and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa CityJennifer M Kissner - Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TennesseeHenry Shinefield - Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Center, Oakland, CaliforniaThomas N Denny - University of Medicine and Dentistry, Newark, New JerseyMichael J Bybel - Sanofi Pasteur, Inc., Swiftwater, PennsylvaniaFrances K Newman - Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MissouriLihan Yan - Emmes Corporation, Rockville, MarylandNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Smallpox Vaccine Study Group
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Journal of infectious diseases, Vol.195(6), pp.826-832
- DOI
- 10.1086/511828
- PMID
- 17299712
- NLM abbreviation
- J Infect Dis
- ISSN
- 0022-1899
- eISSN
- 1537-6613
- Publisher
- The University of Chicago Press
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 03/15/2007
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Medicine Administration; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984094394302771
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