Journal article
Regulation of the Cerebral Circulation: Role of Endothelium and Potassium Channels
Physiological reviews, Vol.78(1), pp.53-97
01/01/1998
DOI: 10.1152/physrev.1998.78.1.53
PMID: 9457169
Abstract
Faraci, Frank M., and Donald D. Heistad. Regulation of the Cerebral Circulation: Role of Endothelium and Potassium Channels. Physiol. Rev. 78: 53–97, 1998. — Several new concepts have emerged in relation to mechanisms that contribute to regulation of the cerebral circulation. This review focuses on some physiological mechanisms of cerebral vasodilatation and alteration of these mechanisms by disease states. One mechanism involves release of vasoactive factors by the endothelium that affect underlying vascular muscle. These factors include endothelium-derived relaxing factor (nitric oxide), prostacyclin, and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor(s). The normal vasodilator influence of endothelium is impaired by some disease states. Under pathophysiological conditions, endothelium may produce potent contracting factors such as endothelin. Another major mechanism of regulation of cerebral vascular tone relates to potassium channels. Activation of potassium channels appears to mediate relaxation of cerebral vessels to diverse stimuli including receptor-mediated agonists, intracellular second messengers, and hypoxia. Endothelial- and potassium channel-based mechanisms are related because several endothelium-derived factors produce relaxation by activation of potassium channels. The influence of potassium channels may be altered by disease states including chronic hypertension, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and diabetes.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Regulation of the Cerebral Circulation: Role of Endothelium and Potassium Channels
- Creators
- FRANK M FARACI - Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Center and Center on Aging, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IowaDONALD D HEISTAD - Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Center and Center on Aging, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Physiological reviews, Vol.78(1), pp.53-97
- DOI
- 10.1152/physrev.1998.78.1.53
- PMID
- 9457169
- ISSN
- 0031-9333
- eISSN
- 1522-1210
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 01/01/1998
- Academic Unit
- Cardiovascular Medicine; Neuroscience and Pharmacology; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984040329502771
Metrics
10 Record Views