Journal article
Representation of speech in human auditory cortex: Is it special?
Hearing research, Vol.305(1), pp.57-73
11/2013
DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2013.05.013
PMCID: PMC3818517
PMID: 23792076
Abstract
Successful categorization of phonemes in speech requires that the brain analyze the acoustic signal along both spectral and temporal dimensions. Neural encoding of the stimulus amplitude envelope is critical for parsing the speech stream into syllabic units. Encoding of voice onset time (VOT) and place of articulation (POA), cues necessary for determining phonemic identity, occurs within shorter time frames. An unresolved question is whether the neural representation of speech is based on processing mechanisms that are unique to humans and shaped by learning and experience, or is based on rules governing general auditory processing that are also present in non-human animals. This question was examined by comparing the neural activity elicited by speech and other complex vocalizations in primary auditory cortex of macaques, who are limited vocal learners, with that in Heschl’s gyrus, the putative location of primary auditory cortex in humans. Entrainment to the amplitude envelope is neither specific to humans nor to human speech. VOT is represented by responses time-locked to consonant release and voicing onset in both humans and monkeys. Temporal representation of VOT is observed both for isolated syllables and for syllables embedded in the more naturalistic context of running speech. The fundamental frequency of male speakers is represented by more rapid neural activity phase-locked to the glottal pulsation rate in both humans and monkeys. In both species, the differential representation of stop consonants varying in their POA can be predicted by the relationship between the frequency selectivity of neurons and the onset spectra of the speech sounds. These findings indicate that the neurophysiology of primary auditory cortex is similar in monkeys and humans despite their vastly different experience with human speech, and that Heschl’s gyrus is engaged in general auditory, and not language-specific, processing.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Representation of speech in human auditory cortex: Is it special?
- Creators
- Mitchell Steinschneider - Department of Neurology, Rose F. Kennedy Center, Room 322, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USAKirill V Nourski - Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USAYonatan I Fishman - Department of Neurology, Rose F. Kennedy Center, Room 322, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Hearing research, Vol.305(1), pp.57-73
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.heares.2013.05.013
- PMID
- 23792076
- PMCID
- PMC3818517
- NLM abbreviation
- Hear Res
- ISSN
- 0378-5955
- eISSN
- 1878-5891
- Grant note
- R01 DC004290 || DC / National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders : NIDCD R01 DC000657 || DC / National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders : NIDCD
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 11/2013
- Academic Unit
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Neurosurgery
- Record Identifier
- 9984040397002771
Metrics
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