Journal article
Respiratory syncytial virus infection provides protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus challenge
Journal of virology, Vol.98(9), e0066924
08/28/2024
DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00669-24
PMCID: PMC11406960
PMID: 39194251
Abstract
Respiratory infections are a major health burden worldwide. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is among the leading causes of hospitalization in both young children and older adults. The onset of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and the public health response had a profound impact on the normal seasonal outbreaks of other respiratory viruses. However, little is known about how a prior respiratory virus infection impacts SARS-CoV-2 disease outcomes. In this study, we examine the impact of a previous RSV infection on the disease severity of a subsequent SARS-CoV-2 challenge in BALB/c mice. Mice infected with RSV, followed by a SARS-CoV-2 challenge, 30 days later, exhibited decreased weight loss and increased survival as compared to control groups. Our results suggest a prior RSV infection can provide protection against a subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection.Respiratory infections are a major health burden worldwide. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is among the leading causes of hospitalization in both young children and older adults. The onset of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and the public health response had a profound impact on the normal seasonal outbreaks of other respiratory viruses. However, little is known about how a prior respiratory virus infection impacts SARS-CoV-2 disease outcomes. In this study, we examine the impact of a previous RSV infection on the disease severity of a subsequent SARS-CoV-2 challenge in BALB/c mice. Mice infected with RSV, followed by a SARS-CoV-2 challenge, 30 days later, exhibited decreased weight loss and increased survival as compared to control groups. Our results suggest a prior RSV infection can provide protection against a subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection.Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and respiratory syncytial virus are respiratory viruses that are a major health burden worldwide. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and respiratory syncytial virus frequently have peak seasonal outbreaks during the winter months, and are capable of causing severe respiratory disease, often leading to hospitalization. The 2019 pandemic brought attention to the importance of understanding how co-circulating viruses can impact the disease severity of other respiratory viruses. It is known that many hospitalized patients are undergoing multiple viral infections at once, yet not much has been studied to understand the impact this has on other respiratory viruses or patients. How co-circulating viruses impact one another can provide critical knowledge for future interventions of hospitalized patients and potential vaccination strategies.IMPORTANCESevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and respiratory syncytial virus are respiratory viruses that are a major health burden worldwide. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and respiratory syncytial virus frequently have peak seasonal outbreaks during the winter months, and are capable of causing severe respiratory disease, often leading to hospitalization. The 2019 pandemic brought attention to the importance of understanding how co-circulating viruses can impact the disease severity of other respiratory viruses. It is known that many hospitalized patients are undergoing multiple viral infections at once, yet not much has been studied to understand the impact this has on other respiratory viruses or patients. How co-circulating viruses impact one another can provide critical knowledge for future interventions of hospitalized patients and potential vaccination strategies.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Respiratory syncytial virus infection provides protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus challenge
- Creators
- Stacey M Hartwig - University of IowaAbby Odle - University of IowaLok-Yin Roy Wong - University of IowaDavid K Meyerholz - University of IowaStanley Perlman - University of IowaSteven M Varga - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of virology, Vol.98(9), e0066924
- Publisher
- AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
- DOI
- 10.1128/jvi.00669-24
- PMID
- 39194251
- PMCID
- PMC11406960
- ISSN
- 1098-5514
- eISSN
- 1098-5514
- Grant note
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health: R01 AI124093, R01 AI167249, P01 AI060699, R01 A129269
This work was supported by funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award numbers R01 AI124093 and R01 AI167249 (to S.M.V.) and P01 AI060699 and R01 A129269 (to S.P.).DAS:All data are available from the corresponding author upon request.
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 08/28/2024
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics; Pathology; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Infectious Disease (Pediatrics)
- Record Identifier
- 9984699522902771
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