Respiratory viruses and the inflammasome: The double-edged sword of inflammation

Kody A Waldstein; Steven M Varga

doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1011014

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Respiratory viruses and the inflammasome: The double-edged sword of inflammation

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Respiratory viruses and the inflammasome: The double-edged sword of inflammation

Kody A Waldstein and Steven M Varga

PLoS pathogens, Vol.18(12), p.e1011014

12/2022

DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011014

PMCID: PMC9799286

PMID: 36580480

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9799286/View

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Abstract

Individuals actively infected with respiratory viruses, such as influenza A virus (IAV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and coronaviruses, transmit by shedding droplets containing live virus while coughing, sneezing, or talking. Respiratory viruses subsequently enter the airways of a host either by coming in direct contact with aerosolized droplets or by an interaction with fomites. The majority of respiratory virus infections are contained to the upper airways and self-limiting; however, lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in children and the elderly. When infiltration into the lower airways occurs, infectious viral particles encounter lung resident alveolar macrophages (AMϕ). AMϕ are self-renewing fetal-derived sentinel cells present in the airways that are tethered to the lung epithelium through αvβ6 integrin-latent TGF-β binding. Upon direct interaction with viral particles, pro-inflammatory cytokines, or pattern/danger-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs), AMϕ detach from the respiratory epithelium resulting in the induction of increased effector functions and phagocytosis as well as the up-regulation of type I interferons (IFN), chemokines, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Inflammation

Humans

Inflammasomes

Viruses

RSV

IAV

coronavirus

Details

Title: Subtitle: Respiratory viruses and the inflammasome: The double-edged sword of inflammation
Creators: Kody A Waldstein - University of Iowa
Steven M Varga - Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United Stated of America
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: PLoS pathogens, Vol.18(12), p.e1011014
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011014
PMID: 36580480
PMCID: PMC9799286
NLM abbreviation: PLoS Pathog
ISSN: 1553-7374
eISSN: 1553-7374
Grant note: DOI: 10.13039/100015691, name: Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, award: R01 AI167249
Language: English
Date published: 12/2022
Academic Unit: Microbiology and Immunology; Otolaryngology
Record Identifier: 9984354958002771

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