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Rho GTPases modulate entry of Ebola virus and vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped vectors
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Rho GTPases modulate entry of Ebola virus and vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped vectors

Patrick L Sinn, Kathrina Quinn, Melinda A Brindley, Paul B McCray Jr, Melodie L Weller, Colleen S Stein, Nikola Kaludov, Wendy Maury, Andrew Kondratowicz, Catherine L Hunt, …
Journal of virology, Vol.83(19), pp.10176-10186
10/2009
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00422-09
PMCID: PMC2747995
PMID: 19625394
url
https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00422-09View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

To explore mechanisms of entry for Ebola virus (EBOV) glycoprotein (GP) pseudotyped virions, we used comparative gene analysis to identify genes whose expression correlated with viral transduction. Candidate genes were identified by using EBOV GP pseudotyped virions to transduce human tumor cell lines that had previously been characterized by cDNA microarray. Transduction profiles for each of these cell lines were generated, and a significant positive correlation was observed between RhoC expression and permissivity for EBOV vector transduction. This correlation was not specific for EBOV vector alone as RhoC also correlated highly with transduction of vesicular stomatitis virus GP (VSVG) pseudotyped vector. Levels of RhoC protein in EBOV and VSV permissive and nonpermissive cells were consistent with the cDNA gene array findings. Additionally, vector transduction was elevated in cells that expressed high levels of endogenous RhoC but not RhoA. RhoB and RhoC overexpression significantly increased EBOV GP and VSVG pseudotyped vector transduction but had minimal effect on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) GP pseudotyped HIV or adeno-associated virus 2 vector entry, indicating that not all virus uptake was enhanced by expression of these molecules. RhoB and RhoC overexpression also significantly enhanced VSV infection. Similarly, overexpression of RhoC led to a significant increase in fusion of EBOV virus-like particles. Finally, ectopic expression of RhoC resulted in increased nonspecific endocytosis of fluorescent dextran and in formation of increased actin stress fibers compared to RhoA-transfected cells, suggesting that RhoC is enhancing macropinocytosis. In total, our studies implicate RhoB and RhoC in enhanced productive entry of some pseudovirions and suggest the involvement of actin-mediated macropinocytosis as a mechanism of uptake of EBOV GP and VSVG pseudotyped viral particles.
 Cell Line Humans Clostridium difficile Cercopithecus aethiops Plasmids - metabolism Animals Microscopy, Fluorescence - methods Models, Biological rho GTP-Binding Proteins - metabolism Vesiculovirus - metabolism Cell Line, Tumor Genetic Vectors COS Cells Vero Cells Ebolavirus - enzymology

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