Journal article
Risk Factors for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Case-Control Investigation
The Pediatric infectious disease journal, Vol.42(6), pp.e190-e196
06/2023
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003900
PMCID: PMC10265536
PMID: 37000922
Abstract
Background:
In a 2020 pilot case-control study using medical records, we reported that non-Hispanic Black children were more likely to develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) after adjustment for sociodemographic factors and underlying medical conditions. Using structured interviews, we investigated patient, household, and community factors underlying MIS-C likelihood.
Methods:
MIS-C case patients hospitalized in 2021 across 14 US pediatric hospitals were matched by age and site to outpatient controls testing positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within 3 months of the admission date. Caregiver interviews queried race/ethnicity, medical history, and household and potential community exposures 1 month before MIS-C hospitalization (case-patients) or after SARS-CoV-2 infection (controls). We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) using mixed-effects multivariable logistic regression.
Results:
Among 275 case patients and 496 controls, race/ethnicity, social vulnerability and patient or family history of autoimmune/rheumatologic disease were not associated with MIS-C. In previously healthy children, MIS-C was associated with a history of hospitalization for an infection [aOR: 4.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.1–11.0]. Household crowding (aOR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2–2.6), large event attendance (aOR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.3–2.1), school attendance with limited masking (aOR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.1–6.6), public transit use (aOR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.4–2.4) and co-resident testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 (aOR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.3–3.7) were associated with increased MIS-C likelihood, with risk increasing with the number of these factors.
Conclusions:
From caregiver interviews, we clarify household and community exposures associated with MIS-C; however, we did not confirm prior associations between sociodemographic factors and MIS-C
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Risk Factors for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Case-Control Investigation
- Creators
- Laura D. Zambrano - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionMichael J. Wu - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionLora Martin - University of Mississippi Medical CenterLacy Malloch - University of Mississippi Medical CenterSabrina Chen - Boston Children's HospitalMargaret M. Newhams - Boston Children's HospitalSuden Kucukak - Boston Children's HospitalMary Beth Son - Harvard UniversityCameron Sanders - University of Mississippi Medical CenterKayla Patterson - University of Mississippi Medical CenterNatasha Halasa - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterJulie C. Fitzgerald - Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaMatthew K. Leroue - University of Colorado DenverMark Hall - Nationwide Children's HospitalKatherine Irby - Arkansas Children's HospitalCourtney M. Rowan - Riley Hospital for ChildrenKari Wellnitz - University of IowaLeila C. Sahni - Texas Children's HospitalLaura Loftis - Texas Children's HospitalTamara T. Bradford - Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New OrleansMary Staat - University of CincinnatiChristopher Babbitt - Miller Children's & Women's HospitalChristopher L. Carroll - Connecticut Children's Medical CenterPia S. Pannaraj - Vanderbilt University Medical CenterMichele Kong - University of Alabama at BirminghamJennifer E. Schuster - University of Missouri–Kansas CityJanet Chou - Boston Children's HospitalManish M. Patel - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAdrienne G. Randolph - Harvard UniversityAngela P. Campbell - Centers for Disease Control and PreventionCharlotte V. Hobbs - University of Mississippi Medical Center
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Pediatric infectious disease journal, Vol.42(6), pp.e190-e196
- DOI
- 10.1097/INF.0000000000003900
- PMID
- 37000922
- PMCID
- PMC10265536
- NLM abbreviation
- Pediatr Infect Dis J
- ISSN
- 0891-3668
- eISSN
- 1532-0987
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Grant note
- National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: 75D30121C10292
This work was supported by Contract No. 75D30121C10292 administered by the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- Language
- English
- Electronic publication date
- 04/07/2023
- Date published
- 06/2023
- Academic Unit
- Critical Care; Stead Family Department of Pediatrics
- Record Identifier
- 9984747820102771
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