Risk factors for lung cancer in Iowa women: implications for prevention

John S Neuberger; Jonathan D Mahnken; Matthew S Mayo; R William Field

doi:10.1016/j.cdp.2006.03.001

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Risk factors for lung cancer in Iowa women: implications for prevention

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Risk factors for lung cancer in Iowa women: implications for prevention

John S Neuberger, Jonathan D Mahnken, Matthew S Mayo and R William Field

Cancer detection and prevention, Vol.30(2), pp.158-167

2006

DOI: 10.1016/j.cdp.2006.03.001

PMCID: PMC1876736

PMID: 16581199

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Abstract

Multiple risk factors possibly associated with lung cancer were examined as part of a large-scale residential radon case-control study conducted in Iowa between 1994 and 1997. We were particularly interested in stratifying risk factors by smoking status. Relatively little risk factor information is available for Midwestern rural women. Four hundred thirteen female lung cancer cases and 614 controls aged 40-84, who were residents of their current home for at least 20 years, were included. Risk factors examined included cigarette smoking, passive smoking, occupation, chemical exposure, previous lung disease, family history of cancer, and urban residence. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted after adjusting for age, education, and cumulative radon exposure. As expected, active cigarette smoking was the major risk factor for lung cancer. While cessation of smoking was significantly associated with a reduced risk for lung cancer, the risk remained significantly elevated for 25 years. Among all cases, asbestos exposure was a significant risk. Among ex-smokers, pack-year history predominated as the major risk. Among never smokers, a family history of kidney or bladder cancer were significant risk factors (OR=7.34, 95% CI=1.91-28.18; and OR=5.02, 95% CI=1.64-15.39, respectively), as was a history of previous lung disease (OR=2.28, 95% CI=1.24-4.18) and asbestos exposure. No statistically significant increase in lung cancer risk was found for occupation or urban residence. Smoking prevention activities are urgently needed in rural areas of the United States. Relatives of individuals with smoking-related cancers are potentially at increased risk. Genetic risk factors should be more fully investigated in never smokers.

Adult

Aged

Aged, 80 and over

Carcinogens, Environmental - adverse effects

Case-Control Studies

Environmental Exposure - adverse effects

Female

Humans

Iowa - epidemiology

Logistic Models

Lung Neoplasms - epidemiology

Lung Neoplasms - etiology

Lung Neoplasms - prevention & control

Middle Aged

Radon - adverse effects

Risk Factors

Rural Population

Smoking - adverse effects

Smoking - epidemiology

Smoking Prevention

Surveys and Questionnaires

Details

Title: Subtitle: Risk factors for lung cancer in Iowa women: implications for prevention
Creators: John S Neuberger - University of Kansas
Jonathan D Mahnken - University of Kansas
Matthew S Mayo - University of Kansas
R William Field - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Cancer detection and prevention, Vol.30(2), pp.158-167
DOI: 10.1016/j.cdp.2006.03.001
PMID: 16581199
PMCID: PMC1876736
NLM abbreviation: Cancer Detect Prev
ISSN: 0361-090X
eISSN: 1873-443X
Grant note: R24 CA095835 / NCI NIH HHS 5R24 CA095835 / NCI NIH HHS P30 ES005605 / NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES05605 / NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES05653 / NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES005653-05 / NIEHS NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 2006
Academic Unit: Occupational and Environmental Health; Epidemiology
Record Identifier: 9984363624902771

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