Risk of oral tongue cancer among immunocompromised transplant recipients and human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in the United States

Joseph E Tota; Eric A Engels; Margaret M Madeleine; Christina A Clarke; Charles F Lynch; Ana P Ortiz; Brenda Y Hernandez; Anil K Chaturvedi

doi:10.1002/cncr.31359

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Risk of oral tongue cancer among immunocompromised transplant recipients and human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in the United States

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Risk of oral tongue cancer among immunocompromised transplant recipients and human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in the United States

Joseph E Tota, Eric A Engels, Margaret M Madeleine, Christina A Clarke, Charles F Lynch, Ana P Ortiz, Brenda Y Hernandez and Anil K Chaturvedi

Cancer, Vol.124(12), pp.2515-2522

06/15/2018

DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31359

PMID: 29645080

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Abstract

Oral tongue cancer incidence has increased among whites in the United States; however, the cause remains unknown. If an infectious agent is implicated, then elevated risk would be expected among immunosuppressed individuals. By using population-based registry linkage information from the US Transplant Cancer Match and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) Cancer Match studies, the authors examined the risk of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) among immunocompromised transplantation recipients and HIV-infected individuals. In addition, the risks of oropharyngeal SCC (strongly related to human papillomavirus infection; modestly affected by immunosuppression), other tobacco/alcohol-related oral cavity SCCs (not thought to be infection/immunosuppression-related), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma of oral cavity/pharynx (strongly related to Epstein-Barr virus; profoundly affected by immunosuppression) were evaluated. Compared with the general population, the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma was strongly increased (standardized incidence ratio [SIR] > 8.0). The risk of all SCCs was modestly and similarly elevated among transplantation recipients (SIR range, 2.2-2.7; P = .2); whereas, among HIV-infected individuals, the risk of oral tongue SCC was higher compared with the risk of other SCCs (SIR, 3.0 vs 1.7 [for oropharyngeal SCCs] and 2.3 [for other oral cavity SCCs]; P < .001). The risk of SCCs was significantly higher among men, older individuals, and whites; and risk increased with the time since transplantation/AIDS onset. The risk of oral tongue SCC was significantly higher among HIV-infected men who have sex with men compared with the average risk in HIV-infected individuals (adjusted incidence rate ratio = 2.0). Similar modest increases in the risk of oral tongue and other oral cavity SCCs do not suggest that an infectious agent or exposure profoundly affected by immunosuppression underlies the increase in oral tongue cancer. Cancer 2018;124:2515-22. © 2018 American Cancer Society.

Immunocompromised Host - immunology

Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - immunology

United States - epidemiology

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck - epidemiology

Immunosuppression - methods

Humans

Middle Aged

Male

Pharyngeal Neoplasms - virology

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck - immunology

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck - virology

Incidence

Sexual and Gender Minorities - statistics & numerical data

HIV Infections - immunology

Papillomaviridae - immunology

Pharyngeal Neoplasms - immunology

Immunosuppression - adverse effects

Registries - statistics & numerical data

Tongue Neoplasms - virology

Adult

Female

Transplant Recipients - statistics & numerical data

Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - virology

Graft Rejection - prevention & control

HIV Infections - virology

Risk Factors

Papillomaviridae - isolation & purification

Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - epidemiology

Organ Transplantation - adverse effects

HIV Infections - complications

Pharyngeal Neoplasms - epidemiology

Tongue Neoplasms - immunology

Graft Rejection - immunology

Tongue Neoplasms - epidemiology

Cohort Studies

Details

Title: Subtitle: Risk of oral tongue cancer among immunocompromised transplant recipients and human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in the United States
Creators: Joseph E Tota - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
Eric A Engels - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
Margaret M Madeleine - Department of Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
Christina A Clarke - Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, California
Charles F Lynch - Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
Ana P Ortiz - University of Puerto Rico System
Brenda Y Hernandez - University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
Anil K Chaturvedi - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Cancer, Vol.124(12), pp.2515-2522
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31359
PMID: 29645080
NLM abbreviation: Cancer
ISSN: 0008-543X
eISSN: 1097-0142
Publisher: United States
Grant note: P30 CA086862 / NCI NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 06/15/2018
Academic Unit: Epidemiology
Record Identifier: 9983995134902771

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