RtsA and RtsB coordinately regulate expression of the invasion and flagellar genes in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Craig D Ellermeier; James M Slauch

doi:10.1128/JB.185.17.5096-5108.2003

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RtsA and RtsB coordinately regulate expression of the invasion and flagellar genes in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

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RtsA and RtsB coordinately regulate expression of the invasion and flagellar genes in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Craig D Ellermeier and James M Slauch

Journal of bacteriology, Vol.185(17), pp.5096-5108

09/2003

DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.17.5096-5108.2003

PMCID: PMC181000

PMID: 12923082

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Abstract

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium encounters numerous host environments and defense mechanisms during the infection process. The bacterium responds by tightly regulating the expression of virulence genes. We identified two regulatory proteins, termed RtsA and RtsB, which are encoded in an operon located on an island integrated at tRNA(PheU) in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. RtsA belongs to the AraC/XylS family of regulators, and RtsB is a helix-turn-helix DNA binding protein. In a random screen, we identified five RtsA-regulated fusions, all belonging to the Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI1) regulon, which encodes a type III secretion system (TTSS) required for invasion of epithelial cells. We show that RtsA increases expression of the invasion genes by inducing hilA expression. RtsA also induces expression of hilD, hilC, and the invF operon. However, induction of hilA is independent of HilC and HilD and is mediated by direct binding of RtsA to the hilA promoter. The phenotype of an rtsA null mutation is similar to the phenotype of a hilC mutation, both of which decrease expression of SPI1 genes approximately twofold. We also show that RtsA can induce expression of a SPI1 TTSS effector, slrP, independent of any SPI1 regulatory protein. RtsB represses expression of the flagellar genes by binding to the flhDC promoter region. Repression of the positive activators flhDC decreases expression of the entire flagellar regulon. We propose that RtsA and RtsB coordinate induction of invasion and repression of motility in the small intestine.

Promoter Regions, Genetic

Salmonella typhimurium - genetics

Salmonella typhimurium - pathogenicity

Salmonella typhimurium - growth & development

Humans

Virulence

Bacterial Proteins - genetics

Repressor Proteins - genetics

Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs

Transcription Factors - genetics

DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics

AraC Transcription Factor

Salmonella typhimurium - metabolism

DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism

Transcription Factors - metabolism

Flagella - metabolism

Trans-Activators - genetics

Bacterial Proteins - metabolism

Trans-Activators - metabolism

Flagella - genetics

Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial

Repressor Proteins - metabolism

Details

Title: Subtitle: RtsA and RtsB coordinately regulate expression of the invasion and flagellar genes in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium
Creators: Craig D Ellermeier - Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chemical and Life Sciences Laboratory, 601 S. Goodwin Avenue, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
James M Slauch
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of bacteriology, Vol.185(17), pp.5096-5108
DOI: 10.1128/JB.185.17.5096-5108.2003
PMID: 12923082
PMCID: PMC181000
NLM abbreviation: J Bacteriol
ISSN: 0021-9193
eISSN: 1098-5530
Language: English
Date published: 09/2003
Academic Unit: Microbiology and Immunology
Record Identifier: 9984083208302771

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