Journal article
Salivary secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor and oral candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons
Infection and immunity, Vol.72(4), pp.1956-1963
04/2004
DOI: 10.1128/IAI.72.4.1956-1963.2004
PMCID: PMC375171
PMID: 15039315
Abstract
Oropharyngeal candidiasis, typically caused by Candida albicans, is the most common oral disease associated with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), a 12-kDa antiprotease, suppresses the growth of C. albicans in vitro. To determine whether the mucosal protein plays a role in protecting oral tissues against fungal infection, we conducted a cross-sectional study investigating the oral and systemic health and salivary SLPI levels in 91 dentate HIV-1-infected adults receiving medical care in the southeastern United States. Participants with a self-reported history of clinical oropharyngeal candidiasis during the previous 2 years constituted the test group (n = 52), while the comparison group (n = 39) had no oropharyngeal candidiasis during that period. Data collected from medical records, oral examination, and SLPI enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay quantitation of whole saliva were analyzed by t test, analysis of variance, linear regression, and unconditional logistic regression. The test group had a significantly higher mean salivary SLPI level than the comparison group (1.9 microg/ml versus 1.1 microg/ml, P < 0.05). Linear regression modeling identified CD4 cell count and history of oropharyngeal candidiasis as key predictors of salivary SLPI and revealed a significant interaction (P < 0.05) between immunosuppression (CD4 cell count below 200 cells/ microl) and positive history of oropharyngeal candidiasis in predicting salivary SLPI level. By logistic regression modeling, a salivary SLPI level exceeding 2.1 microg/ml, low CD4 count, antiretroviral monotherapy, and smoking were key predictors of oropharyngeal candidiasis. These data support a key role for SLPI in the oral mucosal defense against C. albicans. The antimicrobial mucosal protein may serve as an indicator of previous oropharyngeal candidiasis infection among immunosuppressed persons.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Salivary secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor and oral candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons
- Creators
- Amit Chattopadhyay - School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USALaurie R GrayLauren L PattonDaniel J CaplanGary D SladeHsaio-Chuan TienDiane C Shugars
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Infection and immunity, Vol.72(4), pp.1956-1963
- Publisher
- United States
- DOI
- 10.1128/IAI.72.4.1956-1963.2004
- PMID
- 15039315
- PMCID
- PMC375171
- ISSN
- 0019-9567
- eISSN
- 1098-5522
- Grant note
- 9P30-AI50410 / NIAID NIH HHS R01DE12162 / NIDCR NIH HHS R29DE11369 / NIDCR NIH HHS 5T32DE07191 / NIDCR NIH HHS P30 AI050410 / NIAID NIH HHS T32 DE007191 / NIDCR NIH HHS
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 04/2004
- Academic Unit
- Preventive and Community Dentistry
- Record Identifier
- 9983917670502771
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