Sample entropy discriminates balance performance of older cannabis users from non-users

Craig D Workman; Jacob J Sosnoff; Thorsten Rudroff

doi:10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105593

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Sample entropy discriminates balance performance of older cannabis users from non-users

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Sample entropy discriminates balance performance of older cannabis users from non-users

Craig D Workman, Jacob J Sosnoff and Thorsten Rudroff

Clinical biomechanics (Bristol), Vol.93, pp.105593-105593

03/2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105593

PMCID: PMC8960352

PMID: 35151108

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8960352View

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Abstract

Maintaining an upright stance involves a complex interaction of sensory processing and motor outputs to adequately perform this fundamental motor skill. Aging and cannabis use independently disrupt balance performance, but our recent data did not find differences in static balance performance between older cannabis Users and older Non-Users using traditional linear measures (i.e., characteristics of the center of pressure sway). The purpose of this analysis was to determine whether an unbiased entropy measure (sample entropy) can differentiate postural control (standing posture) strategies between older cannabis Users and Non-Users when typical linear measures could not. Eight medical cannabis Users and eight age- and sex-matched controls completed static posturography testing in an eyes-open condition for 60 s. Linear measures included pathlength of the anterior-posterior and medio-lateral directions and an ellipse that encapsulates 95% of the 2D area explored. The nonlinear measure was the sample entropy of the center of pressure time-series in anterior-posterior and medio-lateral directions. Group comparisons were accomplished via pairwise testing and effect size calculations. The statistical testing revealed that sample entropy in the anterior-posterior direction was significantly larger in the Users (mean ± SD = 0.29 ± 0.08) compared to the Non-Users (0.19 ± 0.05; P = 0.01, d = 1.55). This finding indicates that the Users had a decreased regularity of their center of pressure signal in the anterior-posterior direction, which might reflect reduced balance adaptability and accompanies the increased fall risk observed in our recent report on these same subjects. •Cannabis use in older adults was previously associated with increased fall risk.•Linear measures did not discriminate static balance between users and non-users.•The nonlinear measure sample entropy distinguished group balance differences.

Balance

Cannabis

Nonlinear

Older adults

SampEn

Details

Title: Subtitle: Sample entropy discriminates balance performance of older cannabis users from non-users
Creators: Craig D Workman - University of Iowa
Jacob J Sosnoff - University of Kansas Medical Center
Thorsten Rudroff - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Clinical biomechanics (Bristol), Vol.93, pp.105593-105593
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2022.105593
PMID: 35151108
PMCID: PMC8960352
NLM abbreviation: Clin Biomech (Bristol)
ISSN: 0268-0033
eISSN: 1879-1271
Publisher: Elsevier Ltd
Grant note: DOI: 10.13039/100000049, name: National Institute on Aging, award: AG0643308-01; DOI: 10.13039/100000002, name: National Institutes of Health
Language: English
Date published: 03/2022
Academic Unit: Neurology; Health, Sport, and Human Physiology
Record Identifier: 9984259398402771

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