Schizotypal personality questionnaire – brief revised (updated): An update of norms, factor structure, and item content in a large non-clinical young adult sample

Charlie A Davidson; Lesa Hoffman; William D Spaulding

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2016.01.053

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Schizotypal personality questionnaire – brief revised (updated): An update of norms, factor structure, and item content in a large non-clinical young adult sample

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Schizotypal personality questionnaire – brief revised (updated): An update of norms, factor structure, and item content in a large non-clinical young adult sample

Charlie A Davidson, Lesa Hoffman and William D Spaulding

Psychiatry research, Vol.238, pp.345-355

04/30/2016

DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.01.053

PMCID: PMC4834869

PMID: 27086255

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Abstract

This study updates and provides evidence for the dimensionality, reliability, and validity of a standard instrument for detection and measurement of schizotypy in non-clinical young adults. Schizotypy represents a set of traits on which both nonclinical and schizophrenia-spectrum populations vary meaningfully. These traits are linked to biological, cognitive, and social dimensions of serious mental illness (SMI), to clinical and subclinical variation in personal and social functioning, and to risk for SMI. Reliable and valid identification of schizotypal traits has important implications for clinical practice and research. Four consecutive independent samples of undergraduates were administered the SPQ-BR (N=2552). Confirmatory factor analyses suggested a minor item wording change improved reliability, and this Updated questionnaire was implemented for three-quarters of the sample (SPQ-BRU). A, single-order, nine-factor structure had acceptable psychometric properties. The best fitting second-order structure included four higher-order factors that distinguished Social Anxiety and Interpersonal factors. This differentiation was supported by differential relationships with treatment history. The Disorganized factor had the greatest unique relationship with personal and family treatment history. With few exceptions, factor loadings showed stability across samples. Overall, the higher-order and lower-order factors of schizotypy demonstrated reliability and convergent and discriminant validity; detailed psychometric data are presented in a supplement. •The dimensional structure and reliability of the SPQ-BR was validated using CFA.•A substantial portion of young adults reported schizotypal characteristics.•Slightly modified item wording (SPQ-BRU) improved psychometrics.•SPQ-BRU was stable across 3 large independent samples of nonclinical young adults.•Psychiatric history was predicted by schizotypy, particularly disorganized.

Validity

Serious mental illness

Confirmatory factor analysis

Schizophrenia

Psychometrics

Scale development

Reliability

Details

Title: Subtitle: Schizotypal personality questionnaire – brief revised (updated): An update of norms, factor structure, and item content in a large non-clinical young adult sample
Creators: Charlie A Davidson - University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Psychology Department, 238 Burnett Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0308, USA
Lesa Hoffman - University of Kansas, Schiefelbusch Institute for Life Span Studies, Dole Human Development Center Rm 1052, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
William D Spaulding - University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Psychology Department, 238 Burnett Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0308, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Psychiatry research, Vol.238, pp.345-355
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.01.053
PMID: 27086255
PMCID: PMC4834869
NLM abbreviation: Psychiatry Res
ISSN: 0165-1781
eISSN: 1872-7123
Publisher: Elsevier B.V
Language: English
Date published: 04/30/2016
Academic Unit: Psychological and Quantitative Foundations
Record Identifier: 9983993493002771

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