Journal article
Seasonal and spatial trends in the sources of fine particle organic carbon in Israel, Jordan, and Palestine
Atmospheric environment (1994), Vol.44(30), pp.3669-3678
2010
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.06.039
Abstract
A study of carbonaceous particulate matter (PM) was conducted in the Middle East at sites in Israel, Jordan, and Palestine. The sources and seasonal variation of organic carbon, as well as the contribution to fine aerosol (PM 2.5) mass, were determined. Of the 11 sites studied, Nablus had the highest contribution of organic carbon (OC), 29%, and elemental carbon (EC), 19%, to total PM 2.5 mass. The lowest concentrations of PM 2.5 mass, OC, and EC were measured at southern desert sites, located in Aqaba, Eilat, and Rachma. The OC contribution to PM 2.5 mass at these sites ranged between 9.4% and 16%, with mean annual PM 2.5 mass concentrations ranging from 21 to 25 ug m −3. These sites were also observed to have the highest OC to EC ratios (4.1–5.0), indicative of smaller contributions from primary combustion sources and/or a higher contribution of secondary organic aerosol. Biomass burning and vehicular emissions were found to be important sources of carbonaceous PM in this region at the non-southern desert sites, which together accounted for 30%–55% of the fine particle organic carbon at these sites. The fraction of measured OC unapportioned to primary sources (1.4 μgC m −3 to 4.9 μgC m −3; 30%–74%), which has been shown to be largely from secondary organic aerosol, is relatively constant at the sites examined in this study. This suggests that secondary organic aerosol is important in the Middle East during all seasons of the year.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Seasonal and spatial trends in the sources of fine particle organic carbon in Israel, Jordan, and Palestine
- Creators
- Erika von Schneidemesser - Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N. Park Street, Madison, WI 53706, United StatesJiabin Zhou - Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N. Park Street, Madison, WI 53706, United StatesElizabeth A Stone - Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N. Park Street, Madison, WI 53706, United StatesJames J Schauer - Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 660 N. Park Street, Madison, WI 53706, United StatesRadwan Qasrawi - Al Quds University (AQU), East Jerusalem, IsraelZiad Abdeen - Al Quds University (AQU), East Jerusalem, IsraelJacob Shpund - Israel Union for Environmental Defense (IUED), Tel Aviv, IsraelArye Vanger - Israel Union for Environmental Defense (IUED), Tel Aviv, IsraelGeula Sharf - Israel Union for Environmental Defense (IUED), Tel Aviv, IsraelTamar Moise - Arava Institute for Environmental Studies (AIES), Hevel Eilot, IsraelShmuel Brenner - Arava Institute for Environmental Studies (AIES), Hevel Eilot, IsraelKhaled Nassar - Jordan Society for Sustainable Development (JSSD), Amman, JordanRami Saleh - Jordan Society for Sustainable Development (JSSD), Amman, JordanQusai M Al-Mahasneh - Jordan Society for Sustainable Development (JSSD), Amman, JordanJeremy A Sarnat - Environmental Health, Emory University, United States
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Atmospheric environment (1994), Vol.44(30), pp.3669-3678
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.06.039
- ISSN
- 1352-2310
- eISSN
- 1873-2844
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 2010
- Academic Unit
- Chemistry; Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Record Identifier
- 9983985968302771
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