Seasonal variation in fluoride intake: the Iowa fluoride study

Barbara Broffitt; Steven M Levy; John J Warren; Keith E Heller

doi:10.1111/j.1752-7325.2004.tb02753.x

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Seasonal variation in fluoride intake: the Iowa fluoride study

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Seasonal variation in fluoride intake: the Iowa fluoride study

Barbara Broffitt, Steven M Levy, John J Warren and Keith E Heller

Journal of public health dentistry, Vol.64(4), pp.198-204

2004

DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2004.tb02753.x

PMID: 15562941

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Abstract

Although patterns of fluid intake change seasonally, little is known about how fluoride intake varies by season. Since even short-term increases in fluoride intake could potentially lead to more dental fluorosis, it is valuable to assess the degree of seasonal variation to determine if it increases fluoride intake to levels that could be considered a concern in young children. Questionnaires were mailed periodically to participants in the Iowa Fluoride Study beginning at 6 weeks of age and continuing for a number of years. Parents recorded the date; child's weight; estimates of the amounts of water and other beverages that their child consumed per week; the type and amount of any fluoride supplements used; and the type, amount, and frequency of dentifrice used, with an estimate of the proportion of dentifrice that was swallowed. Documented water fluoride levels from municipal sources and assay of individual sources were linked to water intake amounts. Total fluoride intake per kg body weight was estimated from water, other beverages, fluoride supplements, and ingested dentifrice. Generalized linear models compared temperature-related and seasonal effects after adjusting for the child's age. Separate analyses for ages 0-12 months and 12-72 months showed different results. Children younger than 12 months of age did not exhibit significant seasonal or temperature-related variation in any of the components of fluoride intake. Children aged 12-72 months had higher fluoride intake (mg F/kg bw) from beverages in summer (P<.05), and fluoride intake from beverages increased with monthly temperature (P<.001). Fluoride intake from beverages for children aged 12-72 months is slightly higher in the summer and increases with mean monthly temperature. Fluoride intake from supplements and dentifrice did not change significantly with either season or temperature.

Water

Multivariate Analysis

Cariostatic Agents - analysis

Temperature

Body Weight

Age Factors

Humans

Child, Preschool

Infant

Linear Models

Cariostatic Agents - administration & dosage

Iowa

Fluorides - analysis

Diet

Seasons

Beverages

Child

Dentifrices - therapeutic use

Dietary Supplements

Longitudinal Studies

Water Supply - analysis

Cohort Studies

Fluorides - administration & dosage

Details

Title: Subtitle: Seasonal variation in fluoride intake: the Iowa fluoride study
Creators: Barbara Broffitt - Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242, USA. barbara-broffitt@uiowa.edu
Steven M Levy
John J Warren
Keith E Heller
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Journal of public health dentistry, Vol.64(4), pp.198-204
DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2004.tb02753.x
PMID: 15562941
NLM abbreviation: J Public Health Dent
ISSN: 0022-4006
eISSN: 1752-7325
Publisher: United States
Grant note: R01-DE12101 / NIDCR NIH HHS P30-DE10126 / NIDCR NIH HHS R01-DE09551 / NIDCR NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 2004
Academic Unit: Preventive and Community Dentistry; Epidemiology
Record Identifier: 9983917791902771

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