Journal article
Short-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
The Journal of infection, Vol.84(3), pp.297-310
03/2022
DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.035
PMCID: PMC8720049
PMID: 34982962
Abstract
•We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 observational studies.•All COVID-19 vaccine studies compared immunocompromised patients vs. control group.•Outcome suggests the effectiveness of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.•Serological response was significantly high in the control group.
We aimed to assess the short-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines among immunocompromised patients to prevent laboratory-confirmed symptomatic COVID-19 infection.
Systematic review and meta-analysis. We calculated the pooled diagnostic odds ratio [DOR] (95% CI) for COVID-19 infection between immunocompromised patients and healthy people or those with stable chronic medical conditions. VE was estimated as 100% x (1-DOR). We also investigated the rates of developing anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG between the 2 groups.
Twenty studies evaluating COVID-19 vaccine response, and four studies evaluating VE were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled DOR for symptomatic COVID-19 infection in immunocompromised patients was 0.296 (95% CI: 0.108–0.811) with an estimated VE of 70.4% (95% CI: 18.9%- 89.2%). When stratified by diagnosis, IgG antibody levels were much higher in the control group compared to immunocompromised patients with solid organ transplant (pOR 232.3; 95% Cl: 66.98–806.03), malignant diseases (pOR 42.0, 95% Cl: 11.68–151.03), and inflammatory rheumatic diseases (pOR 19.06; 95% Cl: 5.00–72.62).
We found COVID-19 mRNA vaccines were effective against symptomatic COVID-19 among the immunocompromised patients but had lower VE compared to the controls. Further research is needed to understand the discordance between antibody production and protection against symptomatic COVID-19 infection.
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Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Short-term effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
- Creators
- Alexandre R. Marra - Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Center for Access and Delivery Research and Evaluation (CADRE), Iowa City Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Iowa, IA, USA. Electronic address: alexandre-rodriguesmarra@uiowa.edu.Takaaki Kobayashi - University of IowaHiroyuki Suzuki - University of IowaMohammed Alsuhaibani - University of IowaBruna Marques Tofaneto - Albert Einstein College of MedicineLuigi Makowski Bariani - Albert Einstein College of MedicineMariana de Amorim Auler - Albert Einstein College of MedicineJorge L. Salinas - Stanford UniversityMichael B. Edmond - West Virginia UniversityMichelle Doll - Virginia Commonwealth UniversityJosé Mauro Kutner - Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinJoão Renato Rebello Pinho - Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinLuiz Vicente Rizzo - Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinJoão Luiz Miraglia - Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinMarin L. Schweizer - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- The Journal of infection, Vol.84(3), pp.297-310
- Publisher
- Elsevier Ltd
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.035
- PMID
- 34982962
- PMCID
- PMC8720049
- ISSN
- 0163-4453
- eISSN
- 1532-2742
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 03/2022
- Academic Unit
- Infectious Diseases; Epidemiology; General Internal Medicine; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984359781702771
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