Size-Dependent Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol Bounce Fractions and Estimated Viscosity: The Role of Divalent Cation Enrichment, Surface Tension, and the Kelvin Effect

Paul R Tumminello; Renee Niles; Vanessa Valdez; Chamika K Madawala; Dilini K Gamage; Ke'La A Kimble; Raymond J Leibensperger III; Chunxu Huang; Chathuri Kaluarachchi; Julie Dinasquet; Francesca Malfatti; Christopher Lee; Grant B Deane; M Dale Stokes; Elizabeth Stone; Alexei Tivanski; Kimberly A Prather; Brandon E Boor; Jonathan H Slade

doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c04312

Back

Size-Dependent Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol Bounce Fractions and Estimated Viscosity: The Role of Divalent Cation Enrichment, Surface Tension, and the Kelvin Effect

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Size-Dependent Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol Bounce Fractions and Estimated Viscosity: The Role of Divalent Cation Enrichment, Surface Tension, and the Kelvin Effect

Paul R Tumminello, Renee Niles, Vanessa Valdez, Chamika K Madawala, Dilini K Gamage, Ke'La A Kimble, Raymond J Leibensperger III, Chunxu Huang, Chathuri Kaluarachchi, Julie Dinasquet, …

Environmental science & technology, Vol.58(44), pp.19666-19678

11/05/2024

DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04312

PMCID: PMC11542888

PMID: 39440882

Files and links (1)

url

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.4c04312View

Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Viscosity, or the "thickness," of aerosols plays a key role in atmospheric processes like ice formation, water absorption, and heterogeneous kinetics. However, the viscosity of sea spray aerosols (SSA) has not been widely studied. This research explored the relationship between particle size and viscosity of authentic SSA particles through particle bounce, atomic force microscopy analysis, and predictive viscosity modeling from molecular composition. The study found that 40 nm SSA particles had estimated viscosities around 10 Pa·s and bounce fractions three times higher than 100 and 200 nm particles with less than 10 Pa·s at a relative humidity (RH) of 60%. Additional studies revealed the Kelvin effect and particle density, influenced by particle size, have a greater impact on size-dependent bounce fractions than changes in RH across impactor stages. While changes in the level of surfactants can impact particle bounce, the increased viscosity in smaller SSA is attributed to the formation of gel-like phase states caused by cation-organic cross-links between divalent calcium ions and organic anions enriched in the smaller particles. This work shows the smallest gel-like SSA particles observed in the field are highly viscous, which has implications for cloud formation, secondary aerosol growth, and pollutant transport in coastal environments.

ELPI

SSA

phase

viscosity

bounce

gels

Details

Title: Subtitle: Size-Dependent Nascent Sea Spray Aerosol Bounce Fractions and Estimated Viscosity: The Role of Divalent Cation Enrichment, Surface Tension, and the Kelvin Effect
Creators: Paul R Tumminello - University of California San Diego
Renee Niles - University of California San Diego
Vanessa Valdez - California State University, Fullerton
Chamika K Madawala - University of Iowa
Dilini K Gamage - University of Iowa
Ke'La A Kimble - University of California San Diego
Raymond J Leibensperger III - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Chunxu Huang - Purdue University West Lafayette
Chathuri Kaluarachchi - Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52422, United States
Julie Dinasquet - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Francesca Malfatti - University of Trieste
Christopher Lee - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Grant B Deane - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
M Dale Stokes - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Elizabeth Stone - Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52422, United States
Alexei Tivanski - University of Iowa
Kimberly A Prather - Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Brandon E Boor - Purdue University West Lafayette
Jonathan H Slade - University of California San Diego
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Environmental science & technology, Vol.58(44), pp.19666-19678
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04312
PMID: 39440882
PMCID: PMC11542888
NLM abbreviation: Environ Sci Technol
ISSN: 1520-5851
eISSN: 1520-5851
Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC; WASHINGTON
Grant note: Division of Chemistry: CHE-1801971 National Science Foundation (NSF) through the NSF Center for Aerosol Impacts on Chemistry of the Environment (CAICE)
This work was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) through the NSF Center for Aerosol Impacts on Chemistry of the Environment (CAICE) under Grant CHE-1801971. Thank you to the CHAOS team for their hard work throughout the experimental campaign. We would also like to thank Joseph Mayer, Robert Klidy, and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Marine Science Development Center team. The views and opinions expressed in this material solely belong to the authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions, findings, or conclusions of the National Science Foundation.
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 10/23/2024
Date published: 11/05/2024
Academic Unit: Chemistry; Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
Record Identifier: 9984738440802771

Metrics

5 Record Views

11 Times Cited - Web of Science