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Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Sleep in the Intensive Care Unit

Margaret A Pisani, Randall S Friese, Brian K Gehlbach, Richard J Schwab, Gerald L Weinhouse and Shirley F Jones
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, Vol.191(7), pp.731-738
04/2015
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201411-2099CI
PMCID: PMC4723006
PMID: 26785964
url
https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201411-2099CIView
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Sleep is an important physiologic process, and lack of sleep is associated with a host of adverse outcomes. Basic and clinical research has documented the important role circadian rhythm plays in biologic function. Critical illness is a time of extreme vulnerability for patients, and the important role sleep may play in recovery for intensive care unit (ICU) patients is just beginning to be explored. This concise clinical review focuses on the current state of research examining sleep in critical illness. We discuss sleep and circadian rhythm abnormalities that occur in ICU patients and the challenges to measuring alterations in circadian rhythm in critical illness and review methods to measure sleep in the ICU, including polysomnography, actigraphy, and questionnaires. We discuss data on the impact of potentially modifiable disruptors to patient sleep, such as noise, light, and patient care activities, and report on potential methods to improve sleep in the setting of critical illness. Finally, we review the latest literature on sleep disturbances that persist or develop after critical illness

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