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Sociodemographic Disparities in Cigarette Warning Effectiveness in Lebanon
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Sociodemographic Disparities in Cigarette Warning Effectiveness in Lebanon

Mohammed Jawad, Rima Nakkash, Hala Alaouie, Pascale Haddad, Ziyad Mahfoud, George Nahhas and Rima Afifi
Tobacco regulatory science, Vol.3(2), pp.128-138
04/01/2017
DOI: 10.18001/TRS.3.2.1

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Abstract

Objectives: This study measures sociodemographic disparities in perceived effectiveness of pictorial health warnings on cigarette packs. Methods: A cross-sectional study in 2011 tested 20 pictorial warnings among 1517 adults across Lebanon. Participants evaluated the effectiveness of the current text-only warning, and 2 pictorial warnings. Health warnings were thematically grouped. Logistic regression models evaluated associations between the perceived effectiveness of themes and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Perceived effectiveness of the current warning was 15.0% (95% CI 13.2%-16.9%). All pictorial warnings were perceived to be more effective than the current warning, including those about the long-term consequences of smoking (78.1%, 95% CI 74.9%-81.3%) and second-hand smoke (79.2%, 95% CI 74.3%-84.2%). Men had lower odds of perceiving warnings about dependence and second-hand smoke as being effective (AOR 0.30, 95% 0.14-0.65; AOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.10-0.50, respectively). Older respondents had lower odds of perceiving warnings about reproductive health, but higher odds of perceiving warnings about cessation, as effective (AOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.14-0.88; AOR 3.30 95% CI 1.26-8.64, respectively). Other sociodemographic disparities are described. Conclusions: Pictorial warnings are perceived to be more effective than text-only warnings in Lebanon, and should be implemented considering sociodemographic disparities.
 Cigarette Smoking Health Warning Labels Lebanon Middle East

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