Speciation in kleptoparasites of oak gall wasps often correlates with shifts into new tree habitats, tree organs, or gall morphospace

Anna K G Ward; Y Miles Zhang; Guerin E Brown; Alaine C Hippee; Kirsten M Prior; Shannon Rollins; Nicolas Sierra; Sofia I Sheikh; Carly M Tribull; Andrew A Forbes

doi:10.1093/evolut/qpad202

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Speciation in kleptoparasites of oak gall wasps often correlates with shifts into new tree habitats, tree organs, or gall morphospace

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Speciation in kleptoparasites of oak gall wasps often correlates with shifts into new tree habitats, tree organs, or gall morphospace

Anna K G Ward, Y Miles Zhang, Guerin E Brown, Alaine C Hippee, Kirsten M Prior, Shannon Rollins, Nicolas Sierra, Sofia I Sheikh, Carly M Tribull and Andrew A Forbes

Evolution, Vol.78(1), pp.174-187

01/04/2024

DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpad202

PMID: 37943790

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Abstract

Host shifts to new plant species can drive speciation for plant-feeding insects, but how commonly do host shifts also drive diversification for the parasites of those same insects? Oak gall wasps induce galls on oak trees and shifts to novel tree hosts and new tree organs have been implicated as drivers of oak gall wasp speciation. Gall wasps are themselves attacked by many insect parasites, which must find their hosts on the correct tree species and organ, but which also must navigate the morphologically variable galls with which they interact. Thus, we ask whether host shifts to new trees, organs, or gall morphologies correlate with gall parasite diversification. We delimit species and infer phylogenies for two genera of gall kleptoparasites, Synergus and Ceroptres, reared from a variety of North American oak galls. We find that most species were reared from galls induced by just one gall wasp species, and no parasite species was reared from galls of more than four species. Most kleptoparasite divergence events correlate with shifts to non-ancestral galls. These shifts often involved changes in tree habitat, gall location, and gall morphology. Host shifts are thus implicated in driving diversification for both oak gall wasps and their kleptoparasitic associates.

Details

Title: Subtitle: Speciation in kleptoparasites of oak gall wasps often correlates with shifts into new tree habitats, tree organs, or gall morphospace
Creators: Anna K G Ward - University of Iowa
Y Miles Zhang - University of Edinburgh
Guerin E Brown
Alaine C Hippee - University of Iowa
Kirsten M Prior - Binghamton University
Shannon Rollins - University of Iowa
Nicolas Sierra
Sofia I Sheikh - University of Iowa
Carly M Tribull - Farmingdale State College
Andrew A Forbes - University of Iowa
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Evolution, Vol.78(1), pp.174-187
DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpad202
PMID: 37943790
NLM abbreviation: Evolution
ISSN: 0014-3820
eISSN: 1558-5646
Grant note: DOI: 10.13039/100008893, name: University of Iowa; name: Global and Regional Environmental Research
Language: English
Electronic publication date: 11/07/2023
Date published: 01/04/2024
Academic Unit: Biology; University College Courses
Record Identifier: 9984511954902771

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