Journal article
Sphingoid bases are taken up by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and induce ultrastructural damage
Skin pharmacology and physiology, Vol.26(1), pp.36-44
10/30/2012
DOI: 10.1159/000343175
PMCID: PMC3634627
PMID: 23128426
Abstract
Sphingoid bases found in the outer layers of the skin exhibit antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. We investigated the uptake of several sphingoid bases by
Escherichia coli
and
Staphylococcus aureus
, and assessed subsequent ultrastructural damage.
E. coli
and
S. aureus
were incubated with D-sphingosine, dihydrosphingosine, or phytosphingosine at ten times their MIC for 0.5 h and 4 h, respectively, to kill 50% of viable bacteria. Treated bacterial cells were immediately prepared for SEM, TEM, and analyzed for lipid content by QTLC.
E. coli
and
S. aureus
treated with sphingoid bases were distorted and their surfaces were concave and rugate. Significant differences were observed in the visual surface area relative to controls for both
E. coli
and
S. aureus
when treated with dihydrosphingosine and sphingosine (p<0.0001) but not phytosphingosine. While sphingoid base-treated
S. aureus
exhibited disruption and loss of cell wall and membrane,
E. coli
cytoplasmic membranes appeared intact and the outer envelope uncompromised. Both
E. coli
and
S. aureus
cells contained unique internal inclusion bodies, likely associated with cell death. QTLC demonstrated extensive uptake of sphingoid bases by the bacteria. Hence, sphingoid bases induce both extracellular and intracellular damage and cause intracellular inclusions that may reflect lipid uptake.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Sphingoid bases are taken up by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and induce ultrastructural damage
- Creators
- Carol L. Fischer - Dows Institute for Dental Research, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.Katherine S. Walters - University of IowaDavid R. Drake - University of IowaDerek R. Blanchette - Dows Institute for Dental Research, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Central Microscopy Research Facility, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA The Department of Endodontics, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA The Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Department of Periodontics, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA The Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USADeborah V. Dawson - University of IowaKim A. Brogden - Dows Institute for Dental Research, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Central Microscopy Research Facility, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA The Department of Endodontics, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA The Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Department of Periodontics, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA The Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology & Medicine, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAPhilip W. Wertz - University of Iowa
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Skin pharmacology and physiology, Vol.26(1), pp.36-44
- DOI
- 10.1159/000343175
- PMID
- 23128426
- PMCID
- PMC3634627
- NLM abbreviation
- Skin Pharmacol Physiol
- ISSN
- 1660-5527
- eISSN
- 1660-5535
- Grant note
- R01 DE014390 || DE / National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research : NIDCR
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 10/30/2012
- Academic Unit
- Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine; Endodontics; Biostatistics; Pediatric Dentistry; Dental Research; Periodontics
- Record Identifier
- 9984367717402771
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