Spinal cord stimulation reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and glial cell activation in animals with neuropathic pain

Karina L Sato; Lisa M Johanek; Luciana S Sanada; Kathleen A Sluka

doi:10.1213/ANE.0000000000000047

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Spinal cord stimulation reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and glial cell activation in animals with neuropathic pain

Journal article

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Spinal cord stimulation reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and glial cell activation in animals with neuropathic pain

Karina L Sato, Lisa M Johanek, Luciana S Sanada and Kathleen A Sluka

Anesthesia and analgesia, Vol.118(2), pp.464-472

02/2014

DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000047

PMCID: PMC4297213

PMID: 24361846

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Abstract

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is used to manage chronic intractable neuropathic pain. We examined parameters of SCS in rats with spared nerve injury by modulating frequency (4Hz vs. 60Hz), duration (30m vs. 6h), or intensity (50%, 75%, or 90% MT). To elucidate potential mechanisms modulated by SCS, we examined immunoreactivity glial markers in the spinal cord after SCS). An epidural SCS lead was implanted in the upper lumbar spinal cord. Animals were tested for mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) of the paw before and 2 weeks after SNI, before and after SCS daily for 4 days, and for 9 days after SCS. Seperate groups of animals were tested for glial immunoreactivity after 4 days of 6h SCS. All rats showed a decrease in MWT 2 weeks after nerve injury and an increase in glial activation. For frequency, 4Hz or 60Hz SCS reversed the MWT when compared to sham SCS. For duration, 6h of SCS showed a greater reduction in MWT when compared to 30 min. For intensity, 90% MT was greater than 75% MT and both were greater than 50% MT or sham SCS. SCS decreased glial activation (GFAP, MCP-1 and OX-42) in the spinal cord dorsal horn when compared to sham. In conclusion, 4Hz and 60Hz SCS for a 6h at 90% MT were the most effective parameters for reducing hyperalgesia, suggesting parameters of stimulation are important for effectiveness of SCS. SCS reduced glial activation at the level of the spinal cord suggesting reduction in central excitability.

electrical stimulation

pain

neuropathic pain

spinal cord

glia

Details

Title: Subtitle: Spinal cord stimulation reduces mechanical hyperalgesia and glial cell activation in animals with neuropathic pain
Creators: Karina L Sato - Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 1-248 Medical Education Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Lisa M Johanek - Medtronic, Inc., 710 Medtronic Pkwy, Minneapolis, MN 55432, USA
Luciana S Sanada - Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 1-248 Medical Education Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Kathleen A Sluka - Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 1-248 Medical Education Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Anesthesia and analgesia, Vol.118(2), pp.464-472
DOI: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000047
PMID: 24361846
PMCID: PMC4297213
NLM abbreviation: Anesth Analg
ISSN: 0003-2999
eISSN: 1526-7598
Language: English
Date published: 02/2014
Academic Unit: Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Nursing; Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science; Neuroscience and Pharmacology
Record Identifier: 9984040381002771

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