Journal article
Staphylococcal and Streptococcal Pyrogenic Toxins Involved in Toxic Shock Syndrome and Related Illnesses
Critical reviews in microbiology, Vol.17(4), pp.251-272
1990
DOI: 10.3109/10408419009105728
PMID: 2206394
Abstract
Abstract
Toxic-shock syndrome (TSS) is an acute onset, multiorgan illness which resembles severe scarlet fever. The illness is caused by Staphylococcus aureus strains that express TSS toxin-1 (TSST-1), enterotoxin B, or enterotoxin C. TSST-1 is associated with menstrual TSS and approximately one-half of nonmenstrual cases; the other two toxins cause nonmenstrual cases, 47% and 3%, respectively. The three toxins are expressed in culture media under similar environmental conditions. These conditions may explain the association of certain tampons with menstrual TSS. Biochemically, the toxins are all relatively low molecular weight and fairly heat and protease stable. Enterotoxins B and C, share nearly 50% sequence ho-mology with streptococcal scarlet fever toxin A; they share no homology with TSST-1 despite sharing numerous biological properties. Numerous animal models for development of TSS have suggested mechanisms of toxin action, though the exact molecular action is not known. The toxins are all potent pyr-ogens, induce T lymphocyte proliferation, requiring interleukin 1 release from macrophages, suppress immunoglobulin production, enhance endotoxin shock, and enhance hypersensitiv-iry skin reactions. The genetic control of the toxins has been studied and suggests the exotoxins are variable traits. Some additional properties of TSS S. aureus which facilitate disease causation have been clarified.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Staphylococcal and Streptococcal Pyrogenic Toxins Involved in Toxic Shock Syndrome and Related Illnesses
- Creators
- Gregory A Bohach - University of Pittsburgh, Johnstown, PennsylvaniaDavid J Fast - Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, MinneapolisRobert D Nelson - Department of Microbiology and Surgery, University of Minnesota, MinneapolisPatrick M Schlievert - Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Critical reviews in microbiology, Vol.17(4), pp.251-272
- Publisher
- Informa UK Ltd
- DOI
- 10.3109/10408419009105728
- PMID
- 2206394
- ISSN
- 1040-841X
- eISSN
- 1549-7828
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 1990
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Internal Medicine
- Record Identifier
- 9984001144602771
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