Stimulus-evoked intrinsic optical signals in the retina: pharmacologic dissection reveals outer retinal origins

Jesse Schallek; Randy Kardon; Young Kwon; Michael Abramoff; Peter Soliz; Daniel Ts'o

doi:10.1167/iovs.08-3291

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Stimulus-evoked intrinsic optical signals in the retina: pharmacologic dissection reveals outer retinal origins

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

Stimulus-evoked intrinsic optical signals in the retina: pharmacologic dissection reveals outer retinal origins

Jesse Schallek, Randy Kardon, Young Kwon, Michael Abramoff, Peter Soliz and Daniel Ts'o

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, Vol.50(10), pp.4873-4880

10/2009

DOI: 10.1167/iovs.08-3291

PMCID: PMC5201214

PMID: 19420331

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/5201214View

Open Access

Abstract

To elucidate the anatomic origins of stimulus-evoked intrinsic optical signals in the mammalian retina by using selective pharmacologic blockade of specific retinal layers. Four adult cats were used to investigate the stimulus-evoked intrinsic signals. The retinas were visually stimulated with a liquid crystal display (LCD) integrated into a modified fundus camera. The evoked signals in the near infrared (NIR) were recorded with a digital camera to image the changes in the optical reflectance of the retinas. Variants of the electroretinogram (pattern ERG and long-pulse ERG) were also recorded as additional measures of retinal function. Specific retinal layers were inactivated via intravitreal injections of the voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, tetrodotoxin (TTX), the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR6) agonist, 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (APB), and/or the ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist cis-2,3 piperidinedicarboxylic acid (PDA). The stimulus-evoked intrinsic signals were imaged before and after drug injection. ERG recordings and tests of the consensual pupillary response confirmed the effectiveness of each drug. Yet despite the pharmacologic blockade of the inner retina (TTX) and postreceptoral retinal circuitry (APB and PDA), the stimulus-evoked intrinsic signals remained essentially unaltered from preinjection conditions. Similarly, the time course of the signal did not appreciably shift in time or shape. The findings demonstrate that stimulus-evoked intrinsic signals persist after injection of APB, PDA, and TTX, drugs that work to suppress inner and postreceptoral retinal circuitry. The persistence of the intrinsic signals after administration of these drugs indicates that the dominant intrinsic signals are likely to arise from the outer retina.

Electrophysiology

Electroretinography

Cats

Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer Segment - radiation effects

Sodium Channel Blockers - pharmacology

Aminobutyrates - pharmacology

Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists - pharmacology

Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists - pharmacology

Retinal Bipolar Cells - drug effects

Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Inner Segment - drug effects

Pipecolic Acids - pharmacology

Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer Segment - physiology

Injections

Animals

Infrared Rays

Vitreous Body

Tetrodotoxin - pharmacology

Photic Stimulation

Retinal Ganglion Cells - drug effects

Details

Title: Subtitle: Stimulus-evoked intrinsic optical signals in the retina: pharmacologic dissection reveals outer retinal origins
Creators: Jesse Schallek - Department of Neurosurgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
Randy Kardon
Young Kwon
Michael Abramoff
Peter Soliz
Daniel Ts'o
Resource Type: Journal article
Publication Details: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, Vol.50(10), pp.4873-4880
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.08-3291
PMID: 19420331
PMCID: PMC5201214
NLM abbreviation: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
ISSN: 0146-0404
eISSN: 1552-5783
Publisher: United States
Grant note: R01 EB002843 / NIBIB NIH HHS EB002843 / NIBIB NIH HHS
Language: English
Date published: 10/2009
Academic Unit: Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering; Electrical and Computer Engineering; Iowa Neuroscience Institute; Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
Record Identifier: 9983806275402771

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