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Surveying Alcohol Outlet Density in Four Neighborhoods of Beirut Lebanon: Implications for Future Research and National Policy
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Surveying Alcohol Outlet Density in Four Neighborhoods of Beirut Lebanon: Implications for Future Research and National Policy

Rima Nakkash, Lilian A Ghandour, Sirine Anouti, Jessika Nicolas, Ali Chalak, Nasser Yassin and Rima Afifi
International journal of environmental research and public health, Vol.15(9), p.2006
09/14/2018
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15092006
PMCID: PMC6164322
PMID: 30223460
url
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15092006View
Published (Version of record) Open Access

Abstract

Underage drinking among youth in Lebanon is increasing. Regulating availability is one of the best buy policies recommended by the World Health Organization. To quantitatively document the current status of alcohol availability to youth in Lebanon, we used GPS technology to survey alcohol outlet density in four highly populated neighborhoods in Beirut, Lebanon, and to estimate their proximity to educational institutions. The density of alcohol outlets ranged from 18.30 to 80.95 per km² (average of 39.6 alcohol outlets/km²). The highest number of total alcohol outlets was in the "Hamra & Jamiaa" area, which includes one of the largest private universities in the country. Thirteen out of 109 (12%) alcohol outlets (on and off-premise) were located less 100 m away from educational institutions, in violation of the current licensing law. None of the off-premise and the majority (94%) of on-premise alcohol outlets displayed the "no sale for <18" sign. Findings were indicative of an environment conducive to increased access and availability of alcohol among youth in Lebanon probably attributed to the prevailing weak alcohol policies and their enforcement. Systematic collection and reporting of alcohol outlet densities is critical to understand the alcogenic environment and guide local harm reduction policies.
Alcoholic Beverages - economics Alcoholic Beverages - statistics & numerical data Cities - statistics & numerical data Commerce Ethanol Humans Lebanon Policy Residence Characteristics - statistics & numerical data Underage Drinking

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