Journal article
Synthetic Musk Fragrances in a Conventional Drinking Water Treatment Plant with Lime Softening
Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol.135(11), pp.1192-1198
11/2009
DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000085
PMCID: PMC2790179
PMID: 20126513
Abstract
Synthetic musk fragrances are common personal care product additives and wastewater contaminants that are routinely detected in the environment. This study examines the presence of eight synthetic musk fragrances [7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (AHTN), 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-
γ
-2-benzopyran (HHCB), 5-acetyl-1,1,2,6-tetramethyl-3-iso-propylindane (ATII), 4-acetyl-1,1-dimethyl-6-tert-butylindane (ADBI), 6-acetyl-1,1,2,3,3,5-hexamethylindane (AHMI), 6,7-dihydro-1,1,2,3,3,-pentamethyl-4-(5H)-indanone (DPMI), 1-tert-butyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (musk xylene), and 4-tert-butyl-3,5-dinitro-2,6-dimethylacetophenone (musk ketone)] in source water and the removal of these compounds as they flow through a Midwestern conventional drinking water plant with lime softening. The compounds were measured in water, waste sludge, and air throughout the plant. HHCB and AHTN were detected in 100% of the samples and at the highest concentrations. A mass balance on HHCB and AHTN was performed under warm and cold weather conditions. The total removal efficiency for HHCB and AHTN, which averaged between 67–89%, is dominated by adsorption to water softener sludge and its consequent removal by sludge wasting and media filtration. Volatilization, chlorine disinfection, and the disposal of backwash water play a minor role in the removal of both compounds. As a result of inefficient overall removal, HHCB and AHTN are a constant presence at low levels in finished drinking water.
Details
- Title: Subtitle
- Synthetic Musk Fragrances in a Conventional Drinking Water Treatment Plant with Lime Softening
- Creators
- William D Wombacher - Univ. of Iowa Current address: Univ. of Colorado Law School Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, , Iowa City, IA 52240. , Wolf Law Building, Boulder, CO 80309Keri C Hornbuckle - Univ. of Iowa Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, , Iowa City, IA 52240 (corresponding author). E-mail
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Publication Details
- Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol.135(11), pp.1192-1198
- DOI
- 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000085
- PMID
- 20126513
- PMCID
- PMC2790179
- NLM abbreviation
- J Environ Eng (New York)
- ISSN
- 0733-9372
- eISSN
- 1943-7870
- Publisher
- American Society of Civil Engineers
- Language
- English
- Date published
- 11/2009
- Academic Unit
- Civil and Environmental Engineering; Occupational and Environmental Health; Iowa Superfund Research Program
- Record Identifier
- 9983997983202771
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